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Lvl 1 - Test 3 > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Alopecia

A

___________ is the loss of scalp hair (baldness) or body hair.

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2
Q

Apocrine glands

A

___________ ___________ are sweat glands located largely in the axillae and anogenital areas; they begin to function at puberty under the influence of androgens.

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3
Q

Bactericidal

A

___________is bacteria-killing action

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4
Q

Callus

A

___________ is a thickened portion of the skin

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5
Q

Cerumen

A

___________is earwax.

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6
Q

Cleansing baths

A

____________ is a bath given for hygienic purposes.

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7
Q

Corn

A

___________ is a conical, circular, painful, raised area on the toe or foot.

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8
Q

Cross contamination

A

___________

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9
Q

Dandruff

A

___________ is a diffuse scaling of the scalp, often accompanied by itching.

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10
Q

Dental caries

A

___________ is tooth decay

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11
Q

Eccrine glands

A

___________ _________ are glands that produce sweat; found over most of the body.

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12
Q

_________ are deep grooves that occur as a result of dryness and cracking of the skin.

A

Fissures

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13
Q

_________ is the term meaning of or related to the gums.

A

Gingiva

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14
Q

_________ is red, swollen gingiva (gums)

A

Gingivitis

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15
Q

__________ is the growth of excessive body hair.

A

Hirsutism

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16
Q

__________ is the science of health and its maintenance.

A

Hygiene

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17
Q

___________ is the growing inward of the nail into the soft tissues around it, most often results from improper nail trimming.

A

Ingrown toenail

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18
Q

___________ is th efine, woolly hair or down on the shoulders, back, sacrum, and earlobes of the unborn child that may remain for a few weeks after birth.

A

Lanugo

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19
Q

___________ is an infestation with head lice.

A

Pediculosis

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20
Q

___________ is a disorder of the supporting structures of the teeth.

A

Periodontal disease

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21
Q

___________ is a wart on the sole of the foot.

A

Plantar warts

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22
Q

___________ is an invisible soft film consisting of bacteria, molecules of saliva, and remnants of epithelial cells and leukocytes that adheres to the enamel surface of teeth.

A

Plaque

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23
Q

Pyorrhea

A

___________ is an advanced periodontal disease in which teeth are loose and pus is evident when the gums are pressed.

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24
Q

Sebum

A

__________ is the oily, lubricating secretion of sebaceous glands in the skin.

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25
Q

Scabies

A

___________ is a contagious skin infestation by the itch mite that produces intense itching, especially at night.

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26
Q

Sudoriferous glands

A

__________ ___________ are glands of the dermis that secrete sweat.

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27
Q

Sweat Glands

A

____________ _________ are same as sudoriferous glands.

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28
Q

Tartar

A

_____________ is a visible, hard deposit of plaque and dead bacteria that forms at the gum lines.

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29
Q

Therapeutic baths

A

____________ is a bath given for physical effects, such as to soothe irritated skin or to promote healing of an area.

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30
Q

Ticks

A

___________ are small gray-brown parasites that bite into tissue and suck blood and transmit diseases to people.

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31
Q

Tinea pedis

A

___________ is athlete’s foot, which is caused by a fungus.

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32
Q

Xerostomia

A

____________ is dry mouth as a result of a reduced supply of saliva.

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33
Q

___________ is any activity during which the body takes in more or an equal amount of oxygen than it expends.

A

Aerobic

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34
Q

____________ involves activity in which the muscles cannot draw out enough oxygen from the bloodstream; used in endurance training .

A

Anaerobic

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35
Q

___________ means closed tissue surfaces.

A

Approximated

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36
Q

___________ is a strip of cloth used to wrap some part of the body.

A

Bandage

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37
Q

__________ is a type of bandage applied to large body areas (abdomen or chest) that are designed for a specific body part (arm sling); used to provide support.

A

Binder

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38
Q

_________ is a protein found in connective tissue; a whitish protein substance that adds tensile strength to a wound.

A

Collagen

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39
Q

___________ is a moist gauze dressing applied frequently to an open wound, sometimes medicated.

A

Compress

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40
Q

___________ is removal of infected and necrotic material.

A

Debridement

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41
Q

___________ is the partial or total rupturing of a sutured wound; usually involves an abdominal wound in which the layers below the skin also separate.

A

Dehiscence

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42
Q

___________is necrotic tissue

A

Eschar

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43
Q

___________ is extrusion of the internal organs.

A

Evisceration

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44
Q

___________ is loss of the superficial layers of the skin.

A

Excoriation

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45
Q

___________ is purulent drainage

A

Exudate

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46
Q

___________ is an insoluble protein formed from fibrinogen during the clotting of blood.

A

Fibrin

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47
Q

Friction

A

________ is rubbing

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48
Q

Granulation tissue

A

________ is young connective tissue with new capillaries formed in the wound healing process

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49
Q

Hematoma

A

_________ is a contusion or “black eye” resulting from injury.

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50
Q

Hemorrhage

A

________ is excessive loss of blood from the vascular system.

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51
Q

Hemostasis

A

_________ is cessation of bleeding.

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52
Q

Immobility

A

__________ is prescribed or unavoidable restriction of movement in any area of a person’s life.

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53
Q

Ischemia

A

__________ is deficiency of blood supply caused by obstruction of circulation to the body part.

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54
Q

Keloid

A

____________ is a hypertrophic scar containing an abnormal amount of collagen.

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55
Q

Maceration

A

___________ is the wasting away or softening of a solid as if by the action of soaking; often used to describe degenerative changes and eventual disintegration.

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56
Q

Packing

A

__________ is filling an open wound or cavity with a material such as gauze.

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57
Q

Phagocytosis

A

__________

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58
Q

Pressure ulcers

A

__________ are reddened areas, sores, or ulcers of the skin occuring over bony prominences.

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59
Q

Primary intention healing

A

__________ is defined as tissue surfaces that are approximated (closed) and there is minimal or no tissue loss, formation of minimal granulation tissue and scarring.

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60
Q

Purulent exudate

A

___________ is an exudate consisting of leukocytes, liquefied dead tissue debris, and dead and living bacteria.

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61
Q

__________ is pooled exudates

A

Pus

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62
Q

__________ is a bright red flush on the skin occurring after pressure is relieved.

A

Reactive hyperemia

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63
Q

__________ is renewal, regrowth, the replacement of destroyed tissue cells by cells that are identical or similar in structure and function.

A

Regeneration

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64
Q

__________ is an exudate containing large amounts of red blood cells.

A

Sanguineous exudate

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65
Q

__________ is a wound in which the tissue surfaces are not approximated and there is extensive tissue loss; formation of excessive granulation tissue and scarring.

A

Secondary Intention healing

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66
Q

__________ is inflammatory material consisting of a combination of clear and blood-tinged drainage.

A

Serosanguineous

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67
Q

__________ is inflammatory material composed of serum derived from the blood and serous membranes of the body such as the peritoneum, pleura, pericardium, and meninges; water in appearance and has few cells.

A

Serous exudate

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68
Q

__________ is a combination of friction and pressure that, whn applied to the skin, results in damage to the blood vessels and tissues.

A

Shearing force

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69
Q

__________ is a bath in which the client sits in warm water to help soothe and heal the perineum.

A

Sitz bath

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70
Q

_________ is the formation of pus

A

Suppuration

71
Q

__________ is healing that occurs in wounds left open for 3 to 5 days and then closed with sutures, staples, or adhesive skin closures.

A

Tertiary intention

72
Q

___________ means constricted blood vessels.

A

Vasoconstriction

73
Q

___________ is an increase in the diameter of blood vessels.

A

Vasodilation

74
Q

Biological rhythms

A

___________

75
Q

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

____________ is a graph of the electrical activity of the brain.

76
Q

Electromyogram (EMG)

A

____________ is a graph of the electrical activity of muscles.

77
Q

Electro-oculogram (EOG)

A

____________ is a graph of the electrical activity of eye to eye movement.

78
Q

Hypersomnia

A

___________ is excessive sleep

79
Q

Insomnia

A

____________ is the inability to obtain a sufficient quality or quantity of sleep.

80
Q

__________ is an uncontrollable desire for sleep or attacks of sleep during the day.

A

Narcolepsy

81
Q

__________ is an orgasm and emission of semen during sleep.

A

Nocturnal emissions

82
Q

__________ is a deep restful sleep rate; also called slow wave sleep.

A

NREM sleep

83
Q

__________ is a cluster or pattern of waking behavior that appears during sleep, such as somnambulism (sleepwalking), sleeptalking, and enuresis (bed-wetting).

A

Parasomnia

84
Q

__________ is a cluster or pattern of waking behavior that appears during sleep

A

Polysomnography

85
Q

REM sleep

A

_________ is sleep during which the person experiences rapid eye movements.

86
Q

Sleep

A

__________ is an altered state of consciousness in which the individual’s perception of and reaction to the environment are deceased.

87
Q

Sleep apnea

A

__________ _________is periodic cessation of breathing during sleep.

88
Q

Sleep architecture

A

__________ ____________is basic organization of normal sleep

89
Q

Sleep hygiene

A

_________ _________refers to interventions used to promote sleep.

90
Q

Acute pain

A

_______ ________ is pain that lasts only through the expected recovery period (as opposed to chronic)

91
Q

Agonist analgesic

A

_______ _________ is pure ovoid drugs that bind slightly to mu receptor sites, producing maximum pain inhibition (morphine, oxycodone, hydromorphone).

92
Q

Agonist-antagonist analgesic

A

_________-_________ _________ is a drug that can act like opoids and relieve pain (agonist effect) when given to a client who has not taken any pure opioids.

93
Q

Allodynia

A

________ is when nonpainful stimuli (e.g. contact with linen, water, or wind) produce pain.

94
Q

Cancer pain

A

_________ _________ is pain associated with cancers; can be related or unrelated to the disease or its treatment.

95
Q

Central neuropathic pain

A

_______ _________ _______ is pain that results from malfunctioning nerves in the central nervous system (e.g. spinal cord injury pain, poststroke pain, or multiple sclerosis)

96
Q

Chronic pain

A

_______ ________ is prolonged pain, usually recurring or persisting over 6 months or longer, that interferes with functioning.

97
Q

Coanalgesic

A

_________ is a medication that is not classified as a pain medication but has properties that may reduce pain allone or in combination with other alagesics, relieve other discomforts, potentiate the effect of pain medication, or reduce the pain medication’s side effects.

98
Q

Dysesthesia

A

_________ is an unpleasant abnormal sensation that mimics the pathology of central neuropathic pain disorder, such as pain that follows a stroke or spinal cord injury.

99
Q

Effleurage

A

__________ is a stroking massage technique

100
Q

Equianalgesia

A

__________ refers to the relative potency of various opioid analgesics compared to a standard dose of parenteral morphine.

101
Q

Fifth vital sign

A

_____ _____ _____ is pain, as viewed by many health facilities.

102
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

__________ is a heightened response to painful stimuli.

103
Q

________ is heightened response to a painful stimulus; hyperalgesia

A

Hyperpathia

104
Q

_________ __________

A

Mild pain

105
Q

________ ________

A

Moderate pain

106
Q

________ __________is a chemical interruption of a nerve pathway effected by injecting a local anesthetic.

A

Nerve block

107
Q

________ __________ is experienced by people who have damaged or malfunctioning nerves as a result of illness, injury, or undetermined reasons.

A

Neuropathic pain

108
Q

__________ is the physiologic processes related to pain perception.

A

Nociception

109
Q

________ _________ is experienced by people who have damaged or malfunctioning nerves as a result of illness, injury, or undertermined reasons.

A

Nociceptive pain

110
Q

_________ is a pain receptor

A

Nociceptors

111
Q

___________ _____-____________ ________ are drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen that have anti-imflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects.

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)

112
Q

_________ is whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever he or she says it does.

A

Pain

113
Q

_____ ________

A

Pain management

114
Q

________ ________ is the least amount of stimuli that is needed for a person to label a sensation as pain.

A

Pain threshold

115
Q

Pain tolerance

A

_______ _________ is the maximum amount of painful stimuli that a person is willing to withstand without seeking avoidance of the pain or relief.

116
Q

Patient-controlled analgesic (PCA)

A

______-_______ ________ is an interactive method of pain management that permits clients to treat their pain by self-administering doses of analgesics.

117
Q

Peripheral neuropathic pain

A

_______ ________ ________ is phantom pain, postherpetic neuralgia, or carpal tunnel syndrome that follows damage and/or sensitization of peripheral nerves.

118
Q

Placebo

A

________ is any medication or procedure that produces an effect in a client because of its implicit or explicit intext, and not because of its specific physical or chemical properties.

119
Q

Preemptive analgesia

A

_______ _________ is the administration of analgesics prior to an invasive or operative procedure in order to treat pain before it occurs.

120
Q

Pseudoaddiction

A

____________

121
Q

Referred pain

A

__________ __________ is pain perceived to be in one area but whose source is another area.

122
Q

Severe pain

A

_________ _________

123
Q

Somatic pain

A

________ _________ originates in the skin, muscles, bone, or connective tissue.

124
Q

Sympathetically maintained pain

A

________ ________ ______ occurs occasionally when abnormal connections between pain fibers and the sympathetic nervous system perpetuate problems with both the pain and sympathetically controlled functions.

125
Q

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)

A

_________ _______ _______ ________ is a method of applying low-voltage electrical stimulation directly over pain areas.

126
Q

Visceral pain

A

________ _______ is pain arising from organs or hollow viscera.

127
Q

_________ _________ _________ are abnormal breath sounds that occur when air passes through narrowed airways or airways filled with fluid or mucus, or when pleural linings are inflamed.

A

Adventitious breath sounds

128
Q

________ is a complete absence of respirations

A

Apnea

129
Q

_________is collapse of the air sacs.

A

Atelectasis

130
Q

___________ _____________ are shallow breaths interrupted by apnea.

A

Biot’s (cluster) respirations

131
Q

___________ is an abnormally slow pulse rate, usually less than 10 respirations per minute.

A

Bradypnea

132
Q

___________-___________ ____________ is rhythmic waxing and waning of respirations from very deep breathing to very shallow breathing with periods of temporary apnea, often associated with cardiac failure, increased intracranial pressure, or brain damage.

A

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

133
Q

___________ is a bluish tinge of skin color

A

Cyanosis

134
Q

___________ is the mixing of molecules or ions of two or more substances as a result of random motion.

A

Diffusion

135
Q

___________ is difficult or labored breathing.

A

Dyspnea

136
Q

___________ is a chronic pulmonary condition in which the alveoli are dilated and distended.

A

Emphysema

137
Q

Erythrocytes

A

___________ are red blood cells, or RBC’s

138
Q

Eupnea

A

___________ is normal, quiet breathing

139
Q

Expectorate

A

__________ means to spit out

140
Q

Hematocrit

A

__________ is the proportion of red blood cells to the total blood volume.

141
Q

Hemoglobin

A

___________ is the red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen

142
Q

Hemothorax

A

__________ is the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity.

143
Q

Humidifiers

A

___________ are devices that add water vapor to inspired air.

144
Q

Hypercapnia

A

__________ is a condition in which carbon dioxide accumulates in the blood

145
Q

Hypercarbia

A

___________ is accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood

146
Q

Hyperinflation

A

____________ is giving the client breaths that are greater than the client’s normal tidal volume set on the ventilator through the ventilator circuit or via a manual resuscitation bag.

147
Q

Hyperoxygenation

A

____________ is increasing the oxygen flow before suctioning and between suction attempts to avoid suction-related hypoxemia

148
Q

Hyperventilation

A

___________ are very deep, rapid respirations

149
Q

Hypoxemia

A

___________ is low partial pressure of oxygen or low saturation of oxyhemoglobin in the arterial blood.

150
Q

Hypoxia

A

____________ is insufficient oxygen anywhere in the body.

151
Q

_________ _____________ is a device that measures the flow of air inhaled through a mouthpiece.

A

Incentive Spirometers

152
Q

__________ __________ is pressure in the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs

A

Intrapleural pressure

153
Q

__________ ___________ is pressure within the lungs

A

Intrapulmonary pressure

154
Q

_______ _________ is hyperventilation that accompanies metabolic acidosis in which the body attempts to compensate (give off excess body acids) by blowing off carbon dioxide through deep and rapid breathing.

A

Kussmaul’s breathing

155
Q

___________ ___________ is expansibility of the lung.

A

Lung compliance

156
Q

__________ ___________ is the tendency of lungs to collapse away from the chest wall

A

Lung recoil

157
Q

___________ ___________ ___________

A

Mucus clearance device

158
Q

______________ ____________

A

Noninvasive ventilation

159
Q

Orthopnea

A

____________ is the ability to breathe only when in an upright position (sitting or standing)

160
Q

Oxyhemoglobin

A

____________ is the compound of oxygen and hemoglobin

161
Q

Partial pressure

A

_________ ____________ is the pressure exert by each individual gas in a mixture according to its percentage concentration in the mixture.

162
Q

Pleural effusion

A

___________ ___________

163
Q

Pneumothorax

A

________________ is an accumulation of air in the pleural space.

164
Q

Postural drainage

A

___________ _____________ is positioning of a client to allow the drainage, by gravity, of secretions from the lungs.

165
Q

Respiratory membrane

A

___________ _____________ is where gas exchange occurs between the air on the alveolar side and the blood on the capillary side; the alveolar and capillary walls form the respiratory membrane.

166
Q

Sputum

A

___________ is the mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea.

167
Q

Stridor

A

___________ is a harsh, crowing sound made on inhalation caused by constriction of the upper airway.

168
Q

Suctioning

A

_____________ is the aspiration of secretions through a catheter connected to a suction machine or wall suction outlet.

169
Q

Surfactant

A

____________ is a surface-active agent in pulmonary physiology that contributes to the elastic properties of pulmonary tissues.

170
Q

Tachypnea

A

____________ is an abnormally rapid pulse rate; greater than 100 beats per minute

171
Q

Tidal Volume

A

_____________ _____________ is the volume of air that is normally inhaled and exhaled.

172
Q

Torr

A

_____________ is millimeters of mercury

173
Q

Vibration

A

_____________ is a series of vigorous quiverings produced by hands that are placed flat against the chest wall to loosen thick secretions.

Lvl 1 - Test 3 (3 decks)

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