Terms

Question 1

Archon

Answer 1

Position of power created after king decline, carried out religious and judicial duties, 9 archons elected for 1 year terms

Question 2

Democracy

Answer 2

Derives from the word demos (people) and cracy (rule, means rule by the people

Question 3

Direct democracy

Answer 3

Not used in 21st century, invented for direct participation in political decisions, any class in Athens could have a say, voting was restricted to 40 000-300 000

Question 4

Solon reforms

Answer 4

Archons from 2 upper classes were chosen by the assembly, became part of court of appeal and council of elders

Question 5

Principle of Athenian democracy

Answer 5

Only males over 30 could vote (suffferage), guaranteed rule of law, all citizen were equal before the law (justice),

Question 6

Assembly

Answer 6

The citizens (men) met 40 times a year, passed law and foreign policy, elected generals

Question 7

Council of 500

Answer 7

500 members chosen to serve one year, proposed and administered law, conducted routine business when not sitting

Question 8

Kleroterion

Answer 8

Machine in which volunteer jury members placed their selection

Question 9

Ostracism (ostracon)

Answer 9

Occurred once per year where citizens voted to exile one citizen for 10 years, citizens with a 6000 majority vote were exiled (on ostracon/pottery)

Question 10

Athenian democracy legacy

Answer 10

Power was in the hands of 40 000 out of 300 000, system worked for 200 years and continued in modern states, Athenian is had power of speech and equality, laid foundation for western democracy, Sparta and Athens had narrow standards for citizenship

Question 11

Spartiate

Answer 11

Upper privilege class of 25 000 who had full citizenship rights

Question 12

Ephor

Answer 12

Means overseer, 5 men elected by assembly who acted as judges that decided laws and customs of the state, council and assembly would have to support policies

Question 13

Gerousia

Answer 13

Council of elders (28 elected men) over 60 years old that served for life

Question 14

Perioeci

Answer 14

means dwellers roundabout, third class below spartiates and ephors, could carry out trade and affairs but had no political rights

Question 15

Helot

Answer 15

Serf/slave, 250 000 people(majority of population), no rights at all

Question 16

Assessment of spartan government

Answer 16

Seen as forerunner for modern dictatorship, way of life sacrificed personal liberty and family, military sacrifices needed for allegiance, sparta was feared for the military and admired for authority

Question 17

Frescoes (MINOANS)

Answer 17

Contained daily life, many images of bulls

Question 18

Minoans

Answer 18

From Asia Minor eventually in Crete, Arthur evens discovered them and coined the term (although changed the site with personal views), 2000-1200 BCE

Question 19

Palatial period

Answer 19

Largest palace in Knossos that was used for economics and politics

Question 20

Mycenaeans

Answer 20

Originated from mainland Greece, discovered by Heinrich Schliemann (named it to differentiate them from minions) declared illaid and Odyssey to be history, 1500-1050 BCE

Question 21

Frescoes (Mycenaeans)

Answer 21

• painting with wet plaster on wet plaster, emphasized warrior and hunting culture

Question 22

Trireme

Answer 22

Three layers of rowers totalling 170 men, created by Themistocles, battering ram of copper, helped during battle of salamis

Question 23

Hellenistic age

Answer 23

323-31 BCE, marks Alexander the greek, represented spreading of greek culture, shaped other cultures, new cities (Alexandria, Seleucia),

Question 24

Classical age

Answer 24

480-323 BCE, most prosperous, established democracy, new advancements in medicine, philosophy and mathematics, influenced resistance era in Europe