Terminology tissues Flashcards
What do epithelial tissues form?
covering on all internal & external surfaces of body,
lines body cavities & hollow organs
major tissue in Glands
What defines the structure or function of connective tissues
Extracellular matrix and fluid.
What are the functions of connective tissues?
- Bind structures together, forms framework & support for organs & body
- store fat, transport substances, protect against disease,
- help repair tissue damage.
Describe the shape/structure of cells of muscle tissue
Long, thin cells
What are the cytoplasms of muscle tissue cells packed with?
Contractile apparatus.
Name types of muscle tissue
Cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle
What is the function of nervous tissue
Communication; receives, generates, and transmits electrical signals; integrates information
What are the nervous tissues made up of
Neurons and support cells
How does epithelial tissue maintain coverage of surfaces?
No contact inhibition; cell to cell junctions; cell to extracellular matrix junctions.
What is the function of desmosomes
Firm anchorage between cells… structure specialized for cell-to-cell adhesion. A type of junctional complex,
What is the function of tight junctions?
Seals intracellular spaces.
What is the function of gap junctions
Cell to cell communication
Name the components of the cell to cell junctions
Desmosomes, tight junctions, gap junctions
What is the basement membrane composed of?
base lamina and reticular lamina
What is the role of thick epithelium?
Wear and tear
What is the role of thin epithelium
Diffusion
What does epithelium contain for movement to occur?
Cilia
What are cilia
finger-like projections from the apical surface.
What does epithelium contain to allow absorption?
Microvili
Name the classifications of epithelia
Squamous; cuboidal; stratified or simple; transitional; pseudostratified columnar
What do exocrine glands secrete into?
Tubes
What do endocrine glands secrete into?
Blood
Name the types of exocrine glands
Mucous glands; Serous glands
What do mucous glands secrete
Secretions rich in proteoglycans
Secretion and water gives mucus
What do serous glands secrete?
Watery, enzymes protein-rich secretion.
Name the abnormal functions of epithelial cells
over-proliferation; under proliferation; loss of cilia; over secretion; under secretion.
Describe the structure of connective tissue
Fibres - rope-like
Ground substance - Jelly like
Tissue fluid - liquid
What are the fibres found in connective tissue
Elastin; collagen
How many types of collagen are there? give examples
19 + types; type 1 in tendons.
Describe the structure of collagen
Inelastic but flexible - great tensile strength
Name the components of elastic fibers
Protein elastin, microfibrils, and an amorphous component
Name the types of connective tissue
loose, dense, cartilage, bone, adipose, blood
Examples of loose connective tissue
Fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes mast cells
