Terminology of the Endocrine System

Question 1

Addison’s disease

Answer 1

a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone

Question 2

Conn’s syndrome

Answer 2

a disorder of the adrenal glands due to excessive production of aldosterone

Question 3

Cushing’s syndrome

Answer 3

caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol

Question 4

Diabetes insipidus

Answer 4

a condition caused by insufficient productin of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond to the antidiuretic hormone

Question 5

Electrolytes

Answer 5

mineral substances, such as sodium and potassium, that are normally found in the blood

Question 6

Epinephrine

Answer 6

also known as adrenaline, a nonrepinephrine, stimulates the sympathetic nervous system

Question 7

Estrogen

Answer 7

the female hormone that is important in the development and maintenance of the female secondary sex characteristics and in regulation of the menstrual cycle

Question 8

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Answer 8

the form of diabetes that occurs during some pregnancies

Question 9

Glucagon

Answer 9

the hormone that increases the amount of glucose by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose for release into the bloodstream

Question 10

Glycogen

Answer 10

the form in which the liver stores the excess glucose

Question 11

Graves’ disease

Answer 11

an autoimmune disorder that is a form of hyperthyroidism characterized by goiter, exophthalmos, or both

Question 12

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Answer 12

an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid tissue

Question 13

Leptin

Answer 13

a hormone secreted by fat cells

Question 14

Polydipsia

Answer 14

excessive thirst

Question 15

Polyphagia

Answer 15

excessive hunger

Question 16

Polyuria

Answer 16

excessive urination

Question 17

Progesterone

Answer 17

the female hormone that functions to complete the preparations for pregnancy

Question 18

Testosterone

Answer 18

the hormone secreted by the testicles that stimulates the development of male secondary sex characteristics

Question 19

a.c.

Answer 19

before meals

Question 20

b.c.

Answer 20

after meals

Question 21

Ca

Answer 21

calcium

Question 22

K+

Answer 22

potassium

Question 23

Na+

Answer 23

Sodium

Question 24

DKA

Answer 24

diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 25

DM

Answer 25

diabetic mellitus

Question 26

Epi

Answer 26

epinephrine

Question 27

FBS

Answer 27

fasting blood sugar

Question 28

GTT

Answer 28

glucose tolerance test

Question 29

Hb or Hgb

Answer 29

hemoglobin

Question 30

HCG

Answer 30

human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 31

IDDM

Answer 31

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Question 32

NIDDM

Answer 32

non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Question 33

TSH

Answer 33

thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 34

ALD

Answer 34

aldosterone

Question 35

ADH

Answer 35

antidiuretic hormone

Question 36

DI

Answer 36

diabetes insipidus

Question 37

FA

Answer 37

fructosamine test

Question 38

Graves’ disease

Answer 38

GD

Question 39

HG

Answer 39

hypoglycemia

Question 40

LADA

Answer 40

latent autoimmune diabetes

Question 41

LEP, LPT

Answer 41

leptin