Terminology of the Endocrine System Flashcards
Addison’s disease
a condition that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone
Conn’s syndrome
a disorder of the adrenal glands due to excessive production of aldosterone
Cushing’s syndrome
caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol
Diabetes insipidus
a condition caused by insufficient productin of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond to the antidiuretic hormone
Electrolytes
mineral substances, such as sodium and potassium, that are normally found in the blood
Epinephrine
also known as adrenaline, a nonrepinephrine, stimulates the sympathetic nervous system
Estrogen
the female hormone that is important in the development and maintenance of the female secondary sex characteristics and in regulation of the menstrual cycle
Gestational diabetes mellitus
the form of diabetes that occurs during some pregnancies
Glucagon
the hormone that increases the amount of glucose by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose for release into the bloodstream
Glycogen
the form in which the liver stores the excess glucose
Graves’ disease
an autoimmune disorder that is a form of hyperthyroidism characterized by goiter, exophthalmos, or both
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid tissue
Leptin
a hormone secreted by fat cells
Polydipsia
excessive thirst
Polyphagia
excessive hunger
Polyuria
excessive urination
