Terminology II

Question 1

DC (Direct Current)

Answer 1

Type of electricity in which the flow of electrons is in a complete circle in one direction.

Question 2

DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service)

Answer 2

An attack on a computer or network device in which multiple computers send data and requests to the device in an attempt to overwhelm it so that it cannot perform normal operations.

Question 3

DDR (Double Data Rate)

Question 4

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

Answer 4

Protocol that enables client hosts to request and receive TCP/IP settings automatically from an appropriately configured server, uses UPD ports 67 and 68.

Question 5

DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module)

Answer 5

32 or 64 bit-type of DRAM packaging with the distinction that each side of each tab inserted into the system performs a separate function. They come in a variety of sizes with 184, 240, and 288-pin being the most common on desktop computers.

Question 6

DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail)

Question 7

DMA (Direct Memory Access)

Question 8

DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, & Conference)

Question 9

DNS (Domain Name System)

Question 10

DoS (Denial of Service)

Question 11

DRAM (Dynamic Random Access)

Answer 11

Dynamic RAM memory used to store data in most personal computers. DRAM stores each bit in a “cell” composed of a transistor and a capacitor. A capacitor in a DRAM cell can only hold a charge for a few milliseconds, DRAM must continually be refreshed, or rewritten, or retain its data.

Question 12

DRM (Digital Rights Management)

Question 13

DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)

Answer 13

High-speed Internet connection technology that uses a regular telephone line for connectivity. Comes in several varieties, including ADSL and SDSL (Asymmetric and Symmetric), and many speeds.

Typical home-user DSL connnections are ADSL with faster download speeds

than upload speeds.

Question 14

DVI (Digital Visual Interface)

Answer 14

Special video connector designed for digital-to-digital connections; most commonly seen on PC video cards and LCD monitors.

Some versions also support analog signls with a special adapter.

Question 15

DVI-D (Digital Visual Interface-Digital)

Question 16

ECC (Error Correcting Code)

Answer 16

Special software, embedded on hard drives that constantly scans the drivers for bad blocks.

Question 17

EFS (Encrypting File System)

Answer 17

Storage organization and management service, such as NFTS, that has the capability of applying a cipher process to the stored data. The professional edition of Windows offer a feature called the encrypting file system an encryption scheme that any user can use to encrypt individusl files or folders on a computer.

Question 18

EMI (Electromagnetic Interference)

Answer 18

Electrical interference from one device to another, resulting in poor performance of the device being interfered with.

Example: Static on the TV while running a blow dryer.

Question 19

EOL (End-of-life)

Question 20

eSATA (External Serial Advanced Technology)

Answer 20

Serial ATA-based connector for external hard drives and optical drives.

Question 21

ESD (Electrostatic Discharge)

Question 22

EULA (End-User License Agreement)

Answer 22

Agreement that accompanies a piece of software, to which the user must agree before using the software. Outlines the terms of use for the software and also lists any actions on the part of the user that violate the agreement.

Question 23

exFAT(Extensible File Allocation Table)

Answer 23

A microsoft-propietary file system that breaks a 4-GB file size barrier, supporting files up to exabytes (EB) and a theoretical partition limit of zettabytes (ZB). Envisioned for use with flash media devices with a capacity exceeding 2 TB.

Question 24

ext (Extended File System)

Question 25

FAT (File Allocation Table)

Answer 25

Hidden table that records how files on a hard disk are stored in distinct clusters.

Question 26

FAT12 (12-bit File Allocation Table)

Question 27

FAT16 (16-bit File Allocation Table)

Question 28

FAT32 (32-bit File Allocation Table)

Answer 28

File allocation table that uses 32 bits to address and index clusters. Commonly used with USB flash-media drives and versions of Windows prior to XP.

Question 29

FSB (Font-Side Bus)

Question 30

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Answer 30

Rules that enable 2 computers to talk to one another during a file transfer. Protocol used when you transfeer a file from one computer to another across the Internet.

FTP uses port number 20 & 21

Question 31

GFS (Grandfather-Father-Son)

Question 32

GPS (Global Positioning System)

Answer 32

Technology that enables a mobile device to determine where you are on a map.

Question 33

GPT

Question 34

GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)

Answer 34

Sepcila

Question 35

GSM (

Question 36

GUI

Question 37

GUID

Question 38

HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer)

Question 39

HAV (Hardware-assisted Virtualization)

Question 40

HCL (Hardware Compatibility List)