Terminology I Flashcards
AAA (Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting)
An
Alternating Current - (AC)
Electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals. Commonly used in power supplies and is provided from wall outlets.
Access Control List - (ACL)
A set of rules that specifies which users or systems are granted or denied access to a particular resources, such as files, directories, or network devices.
Serves as a key aspect of maintaining file level security in a network environment.
ADF (Automatic Document Feeder)
A feature in printers, scanners, and fax machines that grab pages to copy, scan, or fax. It automatically feeds original documents, thereby enabling the device to scan, print, or fax multiple pages without the need for manual input.
AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)
A block cipher created in the late 1990s that uses a 128-bit block size and a 128-,192-, or 256-bit key size. Practically uncrackable.
AP(Access Point)
A framework for providing secure, centralized entry into network resources and tracking the usage of people and systems.
APFS (Apple File System)
Apple’s proprietary file system, introduced to replace the older one (HFS+).
APIPA (Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing)
Feature of Windows that automatically assigns an IP address to the system when the client cannot obtain an IP address automatically.
APK (Android Package)
ARM (Advanced RISC [Reduced Instruction Set Computer] Machine
Energy-efficient processor design frequently used in a mobile device and also used by the latest macOS computers using the M1 and M2 processors.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
Protocol in the TCP/IP suite used with the command-line utility of the same name (arp) to determine the MAC address that corresponds to a particular IP address.
ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment)
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
ATX (Advanced Technology Extended)
Popular motherboard form factor that generally replaced the AT form factor.
AUP (Acceptable Use Policy)
Defines what actions employees may or may not perform on company equipment, including computers, phones, printers, and even the network itself. This policy defines the handling of passwords, e-mail, and many other issues.
APM (Advanced Power Management)
AHCI (Advanced Host Controller Interface)
Advanced Host Controller Interface
ATAPI
Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface -
ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)
An open standard that allows operating systems to discover a configure computer hardware components, perform power management, and auto configuration.
ASR
Automated System Recovery
A/V
Audio Video
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
To bring up, restart PC and Select F2 or Delete while restarting the PC. Classically, software routines burned onto the system ROM of a PC. More commonly seen as firmware that directly controls a particular piece of hardware. This firmware handles startup operations and low-level control of hardware such as disk drives, the keyboard, and monitor.
BSOD (Blue Screen of Death)
Infamous error screen that appears when Window encounters an unrecoverable error (this is an example of a proprietary crash screen).
BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)
An organizational policy that permits employees to use their own phones, or other mobile devices instead of company-issues ones.
BD-R (Blu-ray Disc Recordable)
BD-RE (Blu-ray Disc Rewritable)
BNC (Bayonet-Neill-Concelman)
CAD (Computer-Aided Design)
CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers & Humans Apart)
CD (Compact disc)
CDFS (Compact Disc File System)
CDMA(Code-Division Multiple Access)
CERT (Computer Emergency Response Team)
CIFS (Common Internet File System)
CMD (Command Prompt)
Text prompt for entering commands.
CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor)
CPU(Central Processing Unit)
CRL (Certification Revocation List)
CD-ROM
Compact-disc-Read-Only-Memory:
CD-RW
Compact Disc- Rewritable
CFS
Central File System - standardized file system that allows different operating systems and applications to access and manage files in a consistent manner.
POE (Power Over Ethernet)
Allows Ethernet network cable to carry electrical power.
