Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Describe a macule.

A

Primary lesion

  • flat
  • <1cm (small)
  • must be different color
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2
Q

Describe a patch.

A

Primary lesion

  • flat
  • >1cm
  • must be different color

(large macule)

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3
Q

Describe a papule.

A

Primary lesion

  • raised
  • <1cm (small)
  • no fluid

(raised macule)

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4
Q

Describe a nodule.

A

Primary lesion

  • raised (rounded?)
  • >1cm (larger)
  • no fluid
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5
Q

Describe a plaque.

A

Primary lesion

  • raised (plateau-like)
  • >1cm (larger)
  • no fluid
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6
Q

Describe a vesicle.

A

Primary lesion

  • raised
  • <1cm (small)
  • fluid filled

(fluid filled papule)

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7
Q

Describe a pustule.

A

Primary lesion

  • raised
  • <1cm (small)
  • pus filled

(pus filled vesicle)

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8
Q

Describe a bulla.

A

Primary lesion

  • raised
  • >1cm
  • fluid filled

(large vesicle)

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9
Q

Describe a scale.

A

Secondary lesion

  • flaky
  • dry
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10
Q

Describe a crust.

A

Secondary lesion

-dried exudate (pus, blood, serous fluid)

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11
Q

Describe a fissure.

A

Secondary lesion

-linear break through epidermis into dermis

(as opposed to ulcer which is a loss

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12
Q

Describe an ulcer.

A

Secondary lesion

-loss of portion of epidermis and some dermis

(as opposed to an erosion which does not go through basement membrane or involve dermis)

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13
Q

Describe an erosion.

A

Secondary lesion

-loss of epidermis (fully or partially), but basement membrane intact

(as opposed to an ulcer which is through basement membrane)

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14
Q

Describe an excoriation.

A

Secondary lesion

-mechanical abrasion

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15
Q

Describe a necrosis.

A

Secondary lesion

-area of dead skin

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16
Q

Describe skin atrophy.

A

Secondary lesion

-thinning of layer(s) of skin

17
Q

Describe lichenification.

A
  • thickening of skin
  • exageration of skin markings
18
Q

Describe a scar.

A

Secondary lesion

  • replacement of lost tissue with fibrous tissue
  • can be raised or depressed
19
Q

Describe acantholysis.

Where is it seen?

A

Histologic finding

  • seperation of keratinocytes -> vesicles and bullae
  • pemphigus vulgaris
20
Q

Describe acanthosis.

Where is it seen?

A

Histologic finding

  • epidermal hyperplasia
  • acanthosis nigricans
  • psoriasis
21
Q

Describe hypergranulosis.

Where is it seen?

A

Histologic finding

  • thickening of the stratum granulosum
  • lichen planus
22
Q

Describe hyperkeratosis.

Where is it seen?

A

Histologic finding

-thickening of stratum corneum

-psoriasis

23
Q

Describe lentiginous.

A

Histologic finding

-linear proliferation of melanocytes, limited to basal cell layer

24
Q

Describe parakeratosis.

Where is it seen?

A

Histologic finding

  • retained nuclei in stratum corneum
  • psoriasis
  • actinic keratosis
25
Q

Describe spongiosis.

Where is it seen?

A

Histologic finding

  • edema of the epidermis
  • eczematous dermatitis