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Dental Anatomy & Occlusion > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Mastication

A

Process of chewing, increases surface area so digestive enzymes can break down faster

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2
Q

Heterodont

A

Teeth of different types (humans)

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3
Q

Homodont

A

Teeth of only one type (most vertebrates)

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4
Q

Monophyodont

A

Having only one set of permanent teeth without the deciduous dentition (Beluga whale)

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5
Q

Diphyodont

A

Having 2 successful sets of teeth (mammals)

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6
Q

Deciduous set of teeth

A

First set of teeth

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7
Q

Polyphyodont

A

Teeth are continuously shed and replaced during lifetime, having multiple sets of teeth (shark)

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8
Q

How many teeth in primary dentition?

A

Usually 20

Centrals, laterals, canines, first molars, second molars

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9
Q

What is the labeling of the primary dentition?

A

A-J for maxillary

K-T for mandibular

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10
Q

Mixed dentition

A

Starts as permanent teeth start to erupt while primary teeth are still present

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11
Q

What is the age range for mixed dentition? What is the common first and last teeth?

A

6 (first molar erupts)

12 (canines)

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12
Q

Succedaneous teeth

A

Permanent teeth that replace deciduous teeth

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13
Q

How many succedaneous teeth are there?

A

20

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14
Q

The primary molars are replaced with the ___.

A

Permanent premolars

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15
Q

Exfoliation

A

The normal loss of primary teeth after loss of their root structure

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16
Q

Resorption

A

The breakdown and subsequent loss of the root structure of a tooth

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17
Q

Describe the process of resorption and exfoliation

A

As permanent tooth descends down / grows, it puts pressure on the root (resorption), when root is all the way gone, the primary tooth exfoliates

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18
Q

Succedaneous tooth

A

The permanent tooth that replaces a deciduous tooth

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19
Q

Deciduous tooth

A

The primary tooth that erupts first in the mouth

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20
Q

What separates anterior and posterior teeth?

A

Posterior teeth are those after the canines

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21
Q

What is the function of incisors?

A

Cut

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22
Q

What is the function of canines?

A

Tear

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23
Q

What is the function of premolars?

A

Chew

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24
Q

Which occurs first: resorption or exfoliation?

A

Resorption

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25
Q

What is the function of molars?

A

Grinding

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26
Q

Universal system of permanent teeth

A

1-32

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27
Q

Universal system of primary teeth

A

A-T

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28
Q

Palmer notation system

A

Each quadrant starts at midline 1-8 (permanent) and A-E (primary)

29
Q

Identify the left mandibular second premolar in palmer notation and universal system

A

Palmer: #5 of Q3
Universal: #20

30
Q

Identify the right mandibular lateral incisor in deciduous dentition for palmer and universal notation

A

Palmer: B of Q4
Universal: Q

31
Q

Federation dentaire international

A

Quadrant # then palmer tooth #

Primary quandrants are 5-8

32
Q

Identify the right maxillary second molar using federation dentaire international notion

A

17

33
Q

Identify the primary right mandibular first molar using federation dentaire international notion

A

84

34
Q

What is the crown covered with?

A

Enamel

35
Q

Apical foramen

A

Opening at the end of the root where blood and nerve supply enters

36
Q

The root is covered with?

A

Cementum

37
Q

What makes up enamel?

A

90% inorganic material

38
Q

What makes up dentin?

A

70% organic material

39
Q

The ___ and ___ make up the pulp cavity.

A

Pulp chamber, pulp canals

40
Q

Gingival papillae

A

Gingival tissue in the interproximal space

41
Q

What are the surfaces of the interproximal space?

A 
Triangle 
Alveolar bone (base) 
Proximal surface of teeth (sides) 
Contact area (tip) 
Filled with gingiva (gingival papillae)
42
Q

Cingulum

A

Lingual lobe of anterior teeth

Makes up bulk of cervical third

43
Q

Mamelons

A

Rounded projections on incisal ridge of anterior primary teeth

Get shorter and smoother with function

44
Q

Tubercle

A

Enamel only elevation on crown of tooth

45
Q

What makes up a tubercle?

A

Enamel only

46
Q

Which tooth has an oblique ridge?

A

Maxillary molars

47
Q

What are the margins of the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth?

A

Marginal ridges (mesial and distal) and cusp ridges (buccal and lingual)

48
Q

Differentiate fossa, pits, sulcus, and grooves

A

Fossa - rounded irregular depression

Pit - pointed depression (deepest part of fossa)

Sulcus - linear depression

Groove - deepest line in sulcus

49
Q

What is the difference between a lobe and a tubercle?

A

Lobes contain enamel, dentin, and pulp, while tubercles are enamel only

50
Q

Curve of Wilson

A

Curves mediolaterally from frontal view

Touches buccal and lingual cusp of posterior teeth

Mandible should be concave

Maxillary should be convex

51
Q

Curve of Spee

A

Curves anterior to posterior in a profile view (side)

Should be flat or slightly concave

Touches buccal cusp tips of posterior teeth

52
Q

The curve of Wilson should be ___ for the mandibular arch and ___ for the maxillary arch.

A

Concave, convex

53
Q

The Curve of ___ goes mediolaterally and the Curve of ___ goes anterior to posterior.

A

Wilson

Spee

54
Q

What makes up the periodontium?

A

Gingiva
Periodontal ligaments
Cementum
Alveolar bone

55
Q

Which structure of the periodontium is visible clinically in healthy conditions?

A

Gingiva

56
Q

Free gingiva

A

Surrounds cervical area of a tooth, smooth

Aka marginal / unattached

57
Q

Attached gingiva

A

Firmly attached to alveolar bone, width can vary, continuous with free gingiva, has stippled texture

58
Q

What is the texture difference between free gingiva and attached gingiva? What causes this difference?

A

Free gingiva is smooth while attached gingiva has a stippled texture due to the poreous alveolar bone it is attached to

59
Q

Free gingiva groove

A

Line between the free and attached gingiva

60
Q

Micro-gingival junctions

A

Area where attached gingiva turns into alveolar mucosa

61
Q

Alveolar mucosa

A

Located apical to attached gingiva, looks smooth, shiny, and darker (purplish) color due to blood vessels moving into the apical foramen

Is thin, delicate, and loosely attached

62
Q

Gingival sulcus

A

Space between tooth and free gingiva

Starts at gingival margin and ends at junctional epithelium

63
Q

Periodontal ligament

A

Surrounds root of tooth, attaches cementum to alveolar bone

Cushions the tooth to occlusal forces (like trampoline)

Made up of a network of fibers

Sharpey’s fibers - terminal portion of periodontal ligament fibers that inserts into the cementum and bone

64
Q

Sharpey’s fibers

A

terminal portion of periodontal ligament fibers that inserts into the cementum and bone

65
Q

Cementum

A

Exterior layer of root, calcified, allows attachment of periodontal ligament to tooth

66
Q

Frenum

A

Narrow band of tissues that attaches movable parts of gum to fixed structure

Attach the lips and cheeks to gingiva and underlying bone

67
Q

Alveolar bone

A

Forms and supports socket of the teeth

Alveolar process

68
Q

Alveolar process is made up of what?

A

External plate: compact bone

Inner socket wall: alveolar bone proper (lamina dura)

Cancellous trabeculae: supporting alveolar bone

69
Q

What are the attachment structures of the periodontium?

A

Cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone

Dental Anatomy & Occlusion (4 decks)

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