Terminology Flashcards
Science
A systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world.
What is the purpose of science?
To achieve a thorough understanding of the phenomena under study.
Applied Behaviour Analysis studies what?
Socially significant behaviours
What are the 3 different types of investigations of science that provide different levels of understanding?
Description, Prediction, and control
This is a collection of facts about observed events that can be quantified, classified, and examined for possible relations with other known facts. it often suggests possible hypotheses or questions for additional research.
Description
this states that there is relative probability that when one event occurs, another even will or will not occur. Its based on repeated observation revealing covariance between various events. Correlations. Enables preparation.
Prediction
This is the highest level of scientific understanding. Functional relations can be derived. Events can only be “co-related”. Nearly impossible to factor out all other possible causes.
Control
According to Skinner, 1953, science is…
A set of attitudes
The definition of science lies within the ___ of scientists, not the instrumentation or materials they use.
Behaviour
All scientists share fundamental assumptions about the ____
Nature of events
What are the 6 attitudes of science?
Determinism Empiricism Experimental Replication Parsimony Philosophic Doubt
The presumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place
Determinism
All scientific knowledge is based on this. It is the practice of objective observation.
Empiricism
A carefully conducted comparison of some measure of the phenomenon of interest (DV) under two or more different conditions in which only one factor at a time (IV) differs from one condition to another.
Experiment
The repeating of experiments to determine the reliability and usefullness of findings
Replication
The idea that all simple, logical explanations must be rules out, before complex explanations are considered
Parsimony
The continuing questioning of the truthfulness and validity of all scientific theory and knowledge
Philosophic Doubt
What are the 3 major branches of behaviour analysis
Behaviourism, Experimental, and ABA
Discriminative Stimulus (SD)
A stim in the presence of which a given response is reinforce
Stimulus Delta (SΔ)
A stim in the presence of which a response is not reinforced
Respondent
Response elicited by stimuli that precede them
Operant
Response influenced by stimuli that followed them in the past
Tabula Rasa
Theory that when you’re born your brain is a blank state and as you grow and learn you start to develop rules and morals
Behavioural
Intervention deals with measurable behaviours
