Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 2 Final > Terminology: 32-36 > Flashcards

Terminology: 32-36 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biological Community

A

All the species of a given area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ecosystem

A

All the organisms along with the abiotic (non-living) components of a given area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Global Ecology

A

The entire biosphere of Earth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Biotic Factors

A

Environmental factors that include:
* Predators
* Prey
* Parasites
* Hosts
* Competitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Abiotic Factors

A

Environmental factors that include:
* Rainfall
* Temperature
* Light
* Wind
* Water pH
* Water flow
* Water mineral composition
* Soil viability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Range

A

The geographical distribution of a species.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Climate

A

The general description of average temperature and rainfall conditions of a region over the course of a year.

Primarily determined by latitude.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Latitude

A

The horizontal lines running across the planet.
Determines the intensity of solar radiation, which in turn influences patterns of temperature, air circulation, and evaporation/precipitation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Planetary Tilt

A

The tilt of the Earth on its axis around the Sun determines the seasonal variation in climates within the northern and southern hemispheres.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Biome

A

A type of ecosystem that is unique to a given region and is characterized by distinct vegetation types.

NY is within a temperate forest biome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tropical Wet Forests (Rainforests)

A
  • High temperature & rainfall
  • No distinct seasons
  • Evergreen broad-leaf trees
  • High biodiversity
  • High productivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Subtropical Deserts

A
  • Very low rainfall
  • High daytime temperature
  • Cold nighttime temperature
  • Low density specialized plants
  • Low productivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Temperate Grasslands

A
  • Relatively low rainfall
  • Moderate seasonally variable temperature
  • Grasses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Temperate Forests

A
  • Relatively high rainfall
  • Moderate seasonal temperature variation
  • Deciduous broad-leaf trees
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Boreal Forests

A
  • Low to moderate rainfall
  • Very high seasonal temperature variation
  • Evergreen cold-tolerant conifers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Arctic Tundra

A
  • Low to very low rainfall
  • Low temperature (soil permafrost)
  • No trees
  • Low shrubs, herbs, lichens
17
Q

Biogeochemical Cycles

A

The cyclical transfer of elements (e.g. carbon or nitrogen) from abiotic reservoirs to living organisms and back again.

18
Q

Carbon

A

The primary building block of organic compounds

19
Q

Greenhouse gases

A
  • Carbon dioxide: Comes from the burning of fossil fuels, wildfires, and volcanic eruptions.
  • Water vapor: Most abundant greenhouse gas, global warming has positive feedback effect.
  • Methane: Results mostly from bacterial activity from wetlands, livestock, coal mines, landfills, natural gas production.
  • Nitrous Oxide: From agriculture via anaerobic denitrification.
  • Hydrocarbons: Refrigerators, aerosols, solvents, fire retardants.
20
Q

Energy Source

A

Sunlight or energy rich inorganic compounds

21
Q

Primary Producers

A

Autotrophic organisms, either photosynthetic or chemosynthetic, that convert energy from source into carbohydrates.

22
Q

Consumers

A

Organisms that consume other organisms for energy.

23
Q

Decomposers

A

Obtain energy from dead organisms or organismic waste

24
Q

Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)

A

Total amount of chemical energy produced in a given area and time period.

25
Q

Efficiency of Primary productivity

A

Only 0.8% of sunlight is captured by plants.

26
Q

Tropic Levels

A
  • Level 1: Producers (Plants)
  • Level 2: Primary Consumers (Herbivores)
  • Level 3: Secondary Consumers (Carnivores)
  • Level 4: Tertiary Consumers (Apex Carnivores)
27
Q

Typical Forest

A

5-7% plant matter to primary consumers
93-95% plant matter to primary decomposers

28
Q

Typical Marine System

A

35-40% algae to primary consumers
60-65% algae to primary decomposers

29
Q

Biomass transfer efficiency

A

10% between trophic levels

30
Q

Biomagnification

A

Certain molecules and compounds increase in concentration as they go up the trophic levels. Mercury, DDT, etc.

Biology 2 Final (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions