Terminology 3 Flashcards
What two changes in style were prevalent during the classical era?
Style galant and strum und Drang
What characteristics were particular to Style galant?
- Melody dominated with accompaniment as opposed to complex polyphony
- Periodicity - music breaks into clearly marked phrases denoted by cadences
- Slower harmonic rhythm
- Commonly used accompaniment patterns
What is Strum und drang?
A reaction to the superficial nature of the style galant in 1760-1770s among various composers (particularly Haydn). Many works in minor keys are produced and counterpoint is reintroduced.
What is the form of the symphony?
Four movements: fast Sonata form; slow; minuet and trio; and fast finale
What is opera buffa?
Opera beginning in the 1700s in three acts with a cast of 6 characters based on commedia dell’arte. Characters of middle or servant class in situations based on every day life.
What changes were brought to opera buffa by Carlo Goldoni?
1) Fully rounded characters
2) Mixing of seria and buffa characters and the addition of the di mezzo caratere—a character who fit the style of both seria and buffa
3) Development of ensembles
What contributions did Beethoven make to the symphony?
1) Made the symphony a serious, monumental art form
2) Symphonies became much larger works with strong characters of their own
3) Symphonies climax in the finale which often represents the summation of the entire work
4) Symphonies begin to suggest programmatic elements
5) Symphonies become cyclic, using and developing musical phrases or ideas later in the work
What were the three types of programmatic music in the Romantic period?
Concert overtures, programmatic symphonies, and symphonic poems
What is programmatic music?
Music that expressed and extra-musical idea and often accompanied with a program describing the music and what it expresses.
What is absolute music?
Music that does not express any extra-musical idea.
