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Podmed > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

0
Q

2 - 4 joints

A

Oligoarticular

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1
Q

1 joint

A

Monoarticular

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2
Q

> 5 joints

A

Polyarticular

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3
Q

Within a joint

A

Intraarticular

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4
Q

Surrounding a joint (perimeter)

A

Periarticular

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5
Q

Next to a joint

A

Juxtaarticular

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6
Q

Similar changes on each side of the body

A

Symmetrical

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7
Q

Allodynia

A

Pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain

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8
Q

Analgesia

A

Absence of pain in response to stimulation which would normally be painful

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9
Q

Anaesthesia dolorosa

A

Pain in an area or region which is anesthetic

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10
Q

Causalgia

A

A syndrome of sustained burning pain, allodynia and hyperathia after a traumatic nerve lesion, often combined with vasomotor and sudomptor dysfunction and later tropic changes

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11
Q

Central pain

A

Pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the central nervous system

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12
Q

Dysesthesia

A

An unpleasant abnormal sensation, can be spontaneous or evoked

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13
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

Increased response to painful stimulus

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14
Q

Hyperesthesia

A

Increased stimulation, excluding the special senses

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15
Q

Hyperathia

A

A painful syndrome characterised by an abnormally painful reaction to a stimulus, especially a repetitive stimulus, as well as an increased threshold

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16
Q

Hypoalgesia

A

Diminished pain in response to a normally painful stimulus

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17
Q

Lowered threshold: stimulus and response mode differ

A

Allodynia

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18
Q

Increased response: stimulus and response mode are the same

A

Hyperalgesia

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19
Q

Raised threshold: stimulus and response mode may be the increased response: same or different

A

Hyperpathia

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20
Q

Raised threshold: stimulus and response mode are the same lowered response

A

Hypoalgesia

21
Q

Hypoesthesia

A

Decreased sensitivity to stimulation, excluding the special senses

22
Q

Neuralgia

A

Pain in the distribution of a nerve or nerves

23
Q

Neuritis

A

Inflammation of a nerve or nerves

24
Q

Neurogenic pain

A

Pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion, dysfunction, or transitory perturbation in the peripheral or central nervous system

25
Q

Neuropathy

A

A disturbance of function or pathological change in nerve

26
Q

Disturbance in function or pathological change in one nerve

A

Mononeuropathy

27
Q

Polyneuropathy

A

Disturbance of function or pathological change in diffuse nerve bilaterally

28
Q

Disturbance of function or pathological change in several nerves

A

Mononeuropathy multiplex

29
Q

Nociceptor

A

A receptor preferentially sensitive to a noxious stimulus or to a stimulus which would become noxious if prolonged

30
Q

Noxious stimulus

A

Stimulus which is damaging to normal tissue

31
Q

Pain

A

Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage

32
Q

Pain threshold

A

Least experience of pain a subject can recognise

33
Q

Pain tolerance

A

The greatest level of pain which a subject is prepared to tolerate

34
Q

Paresthesia

A

An abnormal sensation, whether spontaneous or evoked

35
Q

Peripheral neurological pain

A

Pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction or transitory perturbation in the peripheral nervous system

36
Q

Peripheral neuropathic pain

A

Pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the PNS

67
Q

5 types of important white blood cells in circulation

A 
Basophils
Eosinophils
Lymphocytes (Tcells & Bcells)
Monocytes 
Neutrophils
76
Q

Gene nav1.7

A

Congenital insensitivity to pain

77
Q

Three essential criteria for physiological foot pain

A

Noxious stimuli
Pain perception proportionate to stimuli
Pain diminishes when stimuli removed

78
Q

Nociception and physiological for pain comprise of three distinct processes

A

Transduction
Transmission
Modulation

79
Q

Unspecialised free nerve endings

A

Nociceptors

80
Q

How do nociceptors work

A

Membrane ion channels are activated, creating a self propagandist change in membrane potential that sweeps along the electrically excitable membrane cells.

81
Q

Transduction

A

Stimulation of nociceptors by potentially harmful mechanical, thermal or chemical stimuli

82
Q

Afferent transsmission occurs via the

A

Two primary afferent Nociceptive neurons:
A delta and c fibres
Via the spinal dorsal horn

83
Q

Efferent transmission

A

Causes the release of neurotransmitters/neuropeptides drom peripheral fibre terminals, producing the classic “axon reflex”

84
Q

Neurogenic inflammation at the site of tissue damage

A

Axon reflex

85
Q

Characteristics of C fibres

A

Un myelinated
Dull throbbing, aching
High intensity mechanical thermal and chemical

86
Q

Characteristics of A delta fibres

A

Thinly myelinated
5-20metres/second
Fast
Mechanical and sometimes thermal

87
Q

Signals threat and provides precise sensory information for an immediate withdrawal, which pain fibres?

A

1st pain = A-Delta fibres

88
Q

Attracts log lasting attention and motivated behavioural responses to limit further injury and optimise recovery, which pain fibres?

A

2nd pain = C fibres

89
Q

Confidence interval

A

Estimating the true treatment effect on the real world

Podmed (4 decks)

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