Terminology Flashcards
Describe the ‘Anatomical Position’
Standing, facing forwards with arms by their sides, palms out.
What is the ‘Sagital Plane’?
A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left halves.
What is the Axial Plane?
Any plane horizontally across the body.
Explain Superior/Interior.
Superior is above, posterior is below.
If something is anterior to something, what does that mean? And what if something is posterior?
It is in front of it. It is behind if it is posterior.
What is the meaning of ‘medial’?
the medial side of something is the side closest to the midline.
What is the meaning of ‘lateral’?
the side that is furthest from the body.
Proximal and distal applies to limbs. Give an example of both.
proximal = closest proximity to the body, e.g. thighs are proximal and toes are distal, as they are the furthest distance from the body.
What is the definition of flexion?
Decreasing the angle between parts, e.g. bringing in the elbow.
What is the definition of extension?
To increase the angle between parts, e.g. outstretch you leg from a 90 degree angle to a straight 180 degrees.
What is the names given to the flexion/extension of the ankle joint?
Dorsi and Plantarflexion (dorsiflexion = flex)
What is the term for moving the limb away from the midline?
Abduction (to abduct, take away = move away)
What does Adduction mean?
to bring a limb closer to the midline.
What is the difference between ‘rotation’ and ‘circumduction’?
Rotation is simply moving around a long axis, e.g. “twisting the foot from front to sideways, whereas circumduction is a circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction and adduction.
Explain what the pronation or supination of the hand would look like.
Pronation of the hand wouldd be turning the hand over to face the palms downwards, whereas Supination it when the palms are facing upwards (you could hold a bowl of soup in them).
