Terminology Flashcards
Allusion
A brief reference to a real or fictitious person, place, object, or event
Anstract word
Refers to an idea, quality, attitude, or state that we cant precieve with our senses
Analysis
Method of development in which a subject is seperated into its elements or parts and then reassembled into a new whole
Anecdote
A brief narrative that recounts an episode frim a person’s experience
Argument
Appeals to readers’ reason and emtiond in order to win
Assertion
Central idea of an argument
Audience
Particular work for who is intended
Cause-and-effect analysis
Occurences are divided into their elements to find out what made an event happen
Chronological order
Events are arranged as they occured over time
Classification
Members of a group are sorted into classes or subgroups according to shared characteristics
Cliché
An experession that has become tired from overuse and that therefore deadens rather than enlivens writing
Climactic order
Pattern of organization; arranged in order of increasing importance
Coherenece
Clear; logical connections among all the parts
Colloquial language
Language of the conversation
Comparison and contrast
Similarities and differences between subjects are examined
Concrete words
An object, person, place, or state that we can percieve with our senes
Connotation
Beyond literal meaning
Denotation
Definition
Critical reading
To uncover both its substance and the wroters interperation of the substance
Deductive reasoning
Moves from the general to the specific
Definition
Explanation of the meaning of the word
Description
Conveys the perceptions of the senses
Diction
Choice of words you make yo achieve a purpose and make meaning clear
Slang
Short-lived and that may not be understood by all readers
Emotional appeal (Pathos)
Appeal to the emotion
Ethical appeal (Ethos)
Appeal to their credibility
Evidence
Details, examples, facts, statistics, or expert opinion that support any general statement or claim
Example
Instamce or representation of a general, quality, or abstract concept
Exposition
Form of writing that explains or informa
Fallacies
Flaws in reasoning that weaken or invalidates an argument
Fogures of speech
Expressions that imply meanings beyond or different from literal meanings
Freewriting
A technique for discovering; for a fixed amount of time without stopping to reread or edit
Generalization
Derived from knowledge of some or all its members
Hyperbole
Deliberate overstatment or exaggeration
Image
A verbal representation of semsory experience
Inductive reasoning
The method of reasoning that moves from the particular to general
Irony
Use of suggest meaning different from their literal meaning. Can be wiitty, teasing, biting, or cruel
Metaphor
A figure of speech that compares two unlike things by saying that one is the other
Narration
The form of writting that tells a story, relating a sequence of events
Parallelism
The use of similar grammical forms for ideas of equal importance
Personification
A figure of speech that gives human qualities to things or abstractions
Point of view
The position of the writer in relation to the subject
Premise
The generalization or assumption on which an agrument is based
Process analysis
The method of development in which a sequence of actions with specified result is divided into its component steps
Propositin
A debatable claim about a subject; the central idea of
Purpose
The reason for writing, the goal the writer wants to achieve
Rational appeal
In argumentative and persuassive wroting, the appeal to readers’ rational faculaties
Repetition and restatment
The careful use of the same words or close parallels to clarify meaning and tie sentences together
Rhhetoric
The art if using words effectivily to communicate with an auidience, including the art of persuasion
Satire
The combination of wot and criticism to mock or condemn human foolishness or evil
Similie
A fogure of speech that equates two unlike or as
Spatial organization
A pattern of organization that views an object, scene, or person by paralleling the way we normally see things
Style
The WAY something is said, as opposed to WHAT is said
Syllogism
The basic form of deductive reasoning, in which conclusion derives necessarily from proven or accepted premises
Symbol
A person, place, or thing that represents an abstract quality or concept
Thesis
The main idea of a piece of writing
Tone
The attittude toawrd tbe subject
Transitions
Links between sentences and paragrapghs that relates ideas
Unity
The quality of effecitive wroting that occurs when all the oarts relate to the main idea
