Terminology

Question 0

plexus

Answer 0

-large, interlacing network of nerves

Question 1

stimulus

pl: stimuli

Answer 1

-change in external environment

Question 2

neuron

Answer 2

-nerve cell

Question 3

carbon dioxide

Answer 3

• waste product from cell metabolism

- exhaled gas

Question 4

oxygen

Answer 4

-gas that makes up 21% of the air

Question 5

pleura

Answer 5

-double-folded membrane surrounding each lung

Question 6

alveolus

pl: alveoli

Answer 6

-air sac in the lung

Question 7

trachea

Answer 7

-windpipe

Question 8

hemoglobin

Answer 8

• blood protein that contains iron

- carries oxygen in red blood cells

Question 9

plasma

Answer 9

• liquid portion of blood
• makes up 55% of blood
• contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, lipids, hormones and vitamins

Question 10

lymph

Answer 10

-thin watery fluid found within lymphatic vessels and collected from interstitial tissue throughout the body

Question 11

lymph vessel

Answer 11

• carrier of lymph throughout the body

- empty lymph into veins in the upper part of chest

Question 12

vaccine

Answer 12

-weakened or killed microorganisms, toxins or other proteins given to induce immunity to infection or disease

Question 13

immunity

Answer 13

-body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins that damage tissues and organs

Question 14

interstitial fluid

Answer 14

-fluid in the spaces between cells

Question 15

inguinal nodes

Answer 15

-lymph nodes in the groin region

Question 16

tolerance

Answer 16

• the ability of T lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body’s own antigens as “self” or friendly
• once tolerance is established, the immune system will not react against the body

Question 17

epidermis

Answer 17

-outer layer of skin

Question 18

dermis

Answer 18

-middle layer of the skin

Question 19

subcutaneous

Answer 19

-innermost layer of the skin, containing fat tissue

Question 20

collagen

Answer 20

-structural protein found in skin and connective tissue

Question 21

melanin

Answer 21

• skin pigment

- formed by melanocytes in the epidermis

Question 22

pupil

Answer 22

• central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass
• appears black

Question 23

fundus

Answer 23

-posterior, inner part of the eye

Question 24

HEENT

Answer 24

-head, eyes, ears, nose, throat

Question 25

sclera

Answer 25

-tough, outer, white part of the eye

Question 26

iris

Answer 26

• colored layer that opens/closes to allow light in the eye

- surrounds the pupil

Question 27

insulin

Answer 27

• secreted by the pancreas

- helps glucose pass into cells, promotes the conversion of glucose to glycogen

Question 28

pancreas

Answer 28

• located behind the stomach
• secretes insulin
• is also an exocrine gland in that it secretes enzymes into the small intestine

Question 29

adrenal glands

Answer 29

• located on top of the kidneys

- secretes adrenaline (epinephrine)

Question 30

parathyroid glands

Answer 30

• four small glands on the posterior of the thyroid glands

- aid in calcium mobilization

Question 31

thyroid

Answer 31

• in throat
• aid in metabolism
• secretes thyroxine

Question 32

pituitary

Answer 32

• base of the brain

- growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin

Question 33

ovaries

Answer 33

• lower abdomen
• ova development
• secrete estrogen and progesterone

Question 34

testes

Answer 34

• in scrotal sac

- sperm and testosterone

Question 35

epinephrine

Answer 35

• adrenaline

- increases heart rate and bp