Terminology Flashcards
Entire group of people or data you want to understand
Population
Subgroup of the whole
Sample
Describes the data pertaining to a population or sample, specifically the center of the data, spread of the data, and shape of the plotted graph
Descriptive statistics
Statistics where the researchers infer the features of a population from the data found in a sample
Inferential statistics
Describes a population characteristic, particularly it’s mean and SD
Parameter
Number that describes a sample characteristic such as the samples mean and SD
Statistic
How to get around sampling error
Increase sample size
Unbiased error caused by natural variability that does not precisely reflect the population avg
Sampling error
Researcher has not selected the sample randomly, but with bias towards specific characteristics
Selection bias
How close is the measure to the true measure
Validity
Inaccurate measure
Invalid
How repeatable the test is
Reliability
Classic bell shaped curve
Normal or Gaussian distribution
Statistical tests on data that follow a normal dist
Parametric test
Term for tests that are not used for guassian or normal distribution
Nonparametric test
Excessive leptokuritic curve
High peak at mean, positive kurtosis, data more heavily distributed around mean than a normal dist
Excessively flat curves, negative kurtosis, because data are spread out and less concentrated around mean than normal dist
Platykurtic
Measure if curve is excessively peaked or flat
Kurtosis
Kurtosis for normal curve
Mesokurtic
What is the skew and kurtosis of a normal curve?
At what values for skew and kurtosis can parametric tests be used?
0
Plus or minus 2
How to calculate probability for two dependent variables (having both diseases) not mutually exclusive
Multiple the probabilities
Way to calculate having one disease or another, mutually exclusive (cannot occur at same time)
Add probabilities
