Terminology

Question 1

Soundscapes

Answer 1

Sounds a certain era produces

Question 2

Just Noticable Difference (JND)

Answer 2

The smallest amount of change applied to a sound that a listener can perceive

Question 3

The Golden Rule

Answer 3

“Serve the purpose of the production”

Question 4

Stereo Field

Answer 4

Two monitors creating an illusion of acoustic space, the space itself is known as the stereo field

Question 5

Horizontal Space

Answer 5

Determines horizontal position

- associated with size & location

Question 6

Vertical Space

Answer 6

Associated with frequency or pitch (motion)

Question 7

Proximity (Presence / Absence)

Answer 7

How near or far an object is in relation to the listener

- relationship between object & space

Question 8

Time

Answer 8

Sound characteristics changed based on variables (amp, frequency, proximity, etc.)

Question 9

Sound Merging

Answer 9

Multiple sounds merge when they occupy the same space, creating a new single object or soundscape, surrounding its own space

Question 10

Sound Definition

Answer 10

Multiple sound objects are clearly defined when occupying their own space

Question 11

Imaging

Answer 11

Combination of Definition & Merging

Question 12

Localization

Answer 12

A listeners ability to identify the location or origin of a specific sound in an environment

Question 13

Frequency Space

Answer 13

Audio frequency space or domain / Audio Spectrum

Question 14

Frequency below 20Hz is called:

Answer 14

Infrasonic

Question 15

Frequency above 20kHz is called:

Answer 15

Ultrasonic

Question 16

Octave

Answer 16

Doubling of frequency

Question 17

Human Frequency Range

Answer 17

20Hz-20kHz (20,000Hz)

Question 18

Perceptual Center Frequency

Answer 18

Methods to find the center between 2 frequencies

Question 19

What 2 frequencies are included with the Perceptual Center Frequency?

Answer 19

Arithmetic (Linear)

Perceptual (non-Linear, how we hear)

Question 20

LF (Low freqs.)

Answer 20

30Hz-250Hz

- bottom end, dark, thunderous, heavy

Question 21

Mid (Mid freqs.)

Answer 21

250Hz - 2000Hz

- energy, intensity, speech intelligibility

Question 22

HF (High freqs.)

Answer 22

2000Hz-16000Hz

- top end, brightness, air, light

Question 23

A unique combination of Frequencies create:

Answer 23

Timbre

Question 24

Timbre

Answer 24

The combination of sound characteristics that distinguishes it from other sounds of the same pitch & volume

Question 25

Qualities of Timbre =

Answer 25

Frequency content

Question 26

The Fundamental is usually perceived as:

Answer 26

The actual pitch

Question 27

The lowest frequency a vibrating element can vibrate is the:

Answer 27

Fundamental Frequency

Question 28

Partial

Answer 28

A single frequency component of a complex waveform

Question 29

Integer Multiples of the Fundamental

Ex. A4 on a piano is a complex waveform with a fundamental of 440Hz

Answer 29

Harmonic Partials, or Harmonics

Question 30

Harmonic Series

Answer 30

Group of all the harmonic partials

Question 31

Which is always the FIRST harmonic partial and why?

Answer 31

Funamental because fundamental x 1

Question 32

EVEN Order Partial

Answer 32

Series contain even-integer multiples of the fundamental

Sounds pleasant

Question 33

ODD Order Partial

Answer 33

Series contain odd-integer multiples of the fundamental

Sounds unpleasant

Question 34

Inharmonic Partials

Answer 34

Frequencies that are not integer multiples of the fundamental

Question 35

Harmonicity

Answer 35

Relative proportion of harmonic to inharmonic partials or comination of partials

Question 36

Additive Synthesis (Fourier Synthesis)

Answer 36

Adding sine waves of varying frequencies / amplitude to create complex waveforms

Ex. building a Sawtooth wave with sine waves

Question 37

Noise Waveforms

Answer 37

A signal of randomly generated frequency content

Question 38

Pink Noise

Answer 38

Has equal amount of energy per octave band of the audio spectrum

Ex. Amplitude sum between 20-40Hz = amplitude sum between 10000Hz - 20000Hz

Question 39

White noise

Answer 39

Has equal amount of energy per frequency

Ex. amplitude of 20Hz = amplitude of 20kHz