Terminology

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The form & structure of the body & its parts

Question 2

Microscopic

Answer 2

cells and tissues that require a microscope for viewing

Question 3

Macroscopic

Answer 3

Anatomy evaluated with the unaided eye

Question 4

Regional

Answer 4

The components of a region of the body are examined together

Question 5

Systemic

Answer 5

The separate body systems are evaluated together

Question 6

Physiology

Answer 6

functions of the body & its parts (how things work & what they do)

Question 7

Cranial

Answer 7

Towards the head

Question 8

Caudal

Answer 8

Towards the tail

Question 9

Rostral

Answer 9

toward the tip of the nose (rostrum is only used when describing the direction of the head)

Question 10

Dorsal

Answer 10

Towards the back

Question 11

Ventral

Answer 11

Towards the bottom of a standing animal

Question 12

Medial

Answer 12

Toward the central line of the body

Question 13

Lateral

Answer 13

Away from the median plane

Question 14

Sagittal plane

Answer 14

Divides body into left & right parts

Question 15

Median plane

Answer 15

Divides body into equal left and right halves

Question 16

Transverse plane

Answer 16

Divides body into cranial & caudal parts.

Question 17

Dorsal plane

Answer 17

Divides body into dorsal & ventral parts

Question 18

Deep

Answer 18

Toward the center of the body

Question 19

Superficial

Answer 19

toward the surface of the body

Question 20

Proximal

Answer 20

Toward the body

Question 21

Distal

Answer 21

Away from the body, refers only to positions on the extremities

Question 22

Palmar

Answer 22

Back/bottom surface of the front leg distal to the carpus

Question 23

Plantar

Answer 23

Back/bottom surface of the hind leg distal to the tarsus

Question 24

L & R halves are mirror images. Which means…

Answer 24

paired structures are approximate to mirror images (usually). Ex: Lungs, kidney, adrenal glands, hands

Question 25

Single structures like the brain, heart, and GI tract are found near…

Answer 25

(USUALLY) found near the median plane

Question 26

Dorsal body cavity contains:

Answer 26

Brain: cranial cavity: cranium
Spine: spinal cavity: spinal canal

Question 27

Ventral body cavity contains:

Answer 27

Most of the soft organs (Viscera)

Question 28

Cranial thoracic activity is related to the

Answer 28

thorax

Question 29

Caudal abdominal cavity related to the

Answer 29

abdomen

Question 30

Cells

Answer 30

The smallest subdivisions of the body capable of life

Question 31

Tissues

Answer 31

Groups of specialized cells

Question 32

4 types of tissues

Answer 32

-Epithelial
-Connective
-Muscle
-Nervous

Question 33

What are the functions/characteristics of epithelial tissue?

Answer 33

Function: Covers, protects, secretes, absorbs
Characteristic: ONLY composed of cells

Question 34

What are the functions/characteristics of connective tissue?

Answer 34

Functions: Binds cells & structures together and supports the body
Characteristics: Composed of cells AND intercellular substances

Question 35

What are the functions/characteristics of muscle tissue?

Answer 35

Functions: Voluntary and involuntary movement
Characteristics: Skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Question 36

What are the functions/characteristics of nervous tissues?

Answer 36

Functions: Transmits information, coordinates and controls activites.
Characteristics: Composed of nerve cells and supporting cells

Question 37

Organs

Answer 37

Groups of tissues that work together for common purposes

Question 38

Systems

Answer 38

Groups of organs that are involved in a common set of activites