Terminologies in Introduction to Pharmacology Flashcards
The study of drugs and their effects on the body
Pharmacology
The process of delivering a drug into the bloodstream.
Absorption
This contains an active ingredient, which produces the therapeutic effect, and other materials that alter the structure or function of a living organism
Drug
The study of the drug concentration during absorption, distribution, and elimination of a drug in the patient.
Pharmacokinetics
The process of removing a drug from the body
Elimination
Any substance that irritates, damages, or harms tissues
Poison
The process of getting a drug from the bloodstream to the tissue where its actions are needed
Distribution
The study of rates of chemical reactions; it is concerned with the detailed description of the various steps in reactions and the sequence in which they occur.
Kinetics
A drug that causes a physiological response
Agonist
A drug that has affinity but not efficacy
Antagonist
A term for comparing efficacies of two or more drugs that work via the same receptor or through the same
mechanism of action
Potency
This is also called a medical prescription, is an instruction from a provideto give a patient medication. Providers such as a physician, dentist, podiatrist, advanced practice nurse (in most states), and other authorized licensed health care providers can write this
Drug Order
The study of drugs used to prevent, treat or diagnose disease
Pharmacotherapeutics
The study of drug reactions in the body that are unanticipated or unusual, and may have a hereditary basis for the response
Pharmacogenetics
This receives a signal from the body’s chemicals: neurotransmitters,
hormones, enzymes
Receptors
A term used to indicate the fractional extent to which a dose of drug reaches its site
of action or a biological fluid from which the drug has access to its site of action.
Bioavailability
The most common method of drug administration. It also is the safest, most convenient, and most economical.
Oral ingestion
This has certain distinct advantages over oral administration and in some instances, this is essential for the drug to be delivered in its active form,
Parenteral injection
The type of route that may be used for either local or systemic drug administration. It is a safe and effective means of delivering drugs to patients who are comatose or who are experiencing nausea and vomiting. This is normally in suppository form, although a few laxatives and diagnostic agents are given via enema. Although absorption is slower than by other routes, it is steady and reliable provided the medication can be retained by the patient.
Rectal Administration
The most common, most convenient, and usually the least costly of all routes. It is also considered the safest route because the skin barrier is not
compromised. In cases of overdose, medications remaining in the stomach can be retrieved by inducing vomiting.
Enteral Route
