Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Serology & Immunology > Terminologies > Flashcards

Terminologies Flashcards

1
Q

The removal of antibodies from serum by the addition of red cells that possess the corresponding surface antigen

A

Absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An antigen that is not genetically determined and is sometimes transient

A

Acquired antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Immunity that is generated by the actual production of antibody by the host in the presence or foreign antigen

A

Active immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal serum constituents that increase in the presence of infection, injury or trauma to the tissues

A

Acute phase proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A substance that can increase the specific antibody production to, or the degree of sensitization against antigen by increasing its size or length of survival in the circulation. A substance (usually injected with an antigen) that improves the immune response, either humoral or cellular, to the antigen

A

Adjuvant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The attachment of one substance to the surface of another, in particular, the attachment of the antibody to specific receptors on a cell surface

A

Adsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Collection into clumps of the cells or particles distributed in a fluid

A

Agglutination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

An antibody that is capable of causing agglutination with surface antigens

A

Agglutinin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

An antigen agglutinated or clumped by an agglutinin

A

Agglutinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A system for activating complement beginning at C3 and do not involve a serologic reaction

A

Alternative complement pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A substance in the blood and the lymph serving as one of the active component on the process of cytolysis, the other components being the complement and the cells with antibodies. Anti-sheep red blood cell antibody that causes hemolysis of sheep red cells in the presence of complement.

A

Amboceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A globulin formed in response to exposure to an antigen. Also known as immunoglobulin (Ig).

A

Antibody (Ab)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Any substance that oppose or counteract the action of a complement

A

Anticomplementary substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Any substance which, when introduced in the body, stimulates the formation of antibody

A

Antigen (Ag)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Union of antibody with its homologous antigen

A

Antigen-antibody complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

An autoantibody directed against a component of the nucleus, commonly found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

Antinuclear antibody (ANA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A serum containing antibody

A

Antiserum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

An antibody produced against streptolysin O, a hemolysin produced by Group A streptococci

A

Antistreptolysin O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

An antibody produced against “self” antigen

A

Autoantibody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A molecule that behaves as a “self” antigen

A

Autoantigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A lymphocyte from the bursa of Fabricius or an immunoglobulin-forming cell

A

B-cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A substance contained in beef erythrocytes, which is capable of absorbing the heterophil antibodies produced as a result of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and serum sickness

A

Beef erythrocyte (BE) antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A protein, not normally present in human blood, appears in a wide variety of inflammatory conditions. It is characterized by their ability to react with the C-polysaccharide somatic substance of the pneumococci.

A

C-reactive protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The major system of complement activation that involves all nine components of complement and is initiated by a serologic reaction

A

Classic component pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

An agglutinin or hemagglutinin that is active at 4 degrees Celsius but not at 37 degrees Celsius

A

Cold agglutinin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

A humoral mechanism of nonspecific immune response consisting of at least 14 components that proceed in a cascading sequence of activation resulting in cell lysis

A

Complement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The fixation or binding of complement in a reaction with antigen and antibody

A

Complement fixation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Monitors day-to-day accurate performance of the laboratory tests/analyses

A

Control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A substance composed of extract from fresh beef hearts combined with lecithin and cholesterol

A

Cardiolipin antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

A hemagglutination test that defines the characteristics of heterophil antibody by guinea pig and beef cell antigens

A

Davidsohn differential test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The most common procedure for the separation of mononuclear cells

A

Density gradient centrifugation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The separation of one substance from the other

A

Dissociation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

A fluid medium containing antibodies deliberately removed from the red cells

A

Eluate

34
Q

A ligand assay in which the label is an enzyme and the binding reagent is an antibody

A

Enzyme immunoassay

35
Q

The point of dilution in a serologic reaction in which all the antigen and all the antibody are mutually involved in all complexes

A

Equivalence point

36
Q

A specific type of precipitation that occurs over a narrow range of antigen concentration; aggregation of colloidal particles in a serologic reaction

A

Flocculation

37
Q

A heterophil antibody that is stimulated by one antigen and reacts with unrelated surface antigen present on cells from different mammalian species

A

Forssman antibody

38
Q

A substance which absorbs the Forssman and serum sickness antibodies

A

Guinea pig kidney (GPK) antigen

39
Q

Flagellar antigens of bacteria

A

H antigens

40
Q

The agglutination or clumping of red blood cells by the antiserum

A

Hemagglutination

41
Q

Used in the detection of antibodies involve in the blocking if agglutination of erythrocytes

A

Hemagglutination-inhibition technique

42
Q

Ruptured erythrocytes

A

Hemolyzed

43
Q

A substance causing the agglutination of red blood cells

A

Hemagglutinin

44
Q

An antibody capable of causing the lysis or dissolution of red cells with the consequent release of hemoglobin

A

Hemolysin

45
Q

The lysis of red blood cells by specific antibody and serum complement

A

Hemolysis

46
Q

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or other agent (e.g. drugs)

A

Hepatitis

47
Q

An antibody produced in response to one antigen that will react with a second antigen genetically unrelated antigen

A

Heterophil antibody

48
Q

A virus that caused AIDS

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

49
Q

A solution which has a concentration greater than the system with which it is compared

A

Hypertonic solution

50
Q

A process by which the activity of serum complement is nullified

A

Inactivation

51
Q

An acute infectious disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus characterized by fever, pharyngitis and lymphadenopathy. There is a moderate leukocytosis due to abnormal mononuclear cells

A

Infectious mononucleosis (IM)

52
Q

Outside the body; observable in a test tube

A

In-vitro

53
Q

Within the living body

A

In-vivo

54
Q

A molecule that combines with specific complementary configurations of the binding agent (e.g. receptors, proteins, or antibody).

A

Ligand

55
Q

The creation of a stable preparation of a biologic material by rapid freezing and dehydration of the frozen product under high vaccum

A

Lyophilization

56
Q

An antibody which causes dissolution or lysis of cells

A

Lysin

57
Q

An antigen-antibody reaction in which the reactive effect of a particular antigen is nullified by a specific antibody

A

Neutralization

58
Q

The surface somatic antigen of bacteria

A

O antigen

59
Q

An antibody that attaches to a cellular or particular antigen rendering it susceptible to phagocytosis

A

Opsonin

60
Q

Hemagglutination resulting from antibodies that are directed against antigens absorbed to their erythrocyte surface

A

Passive hemagglutination

61
Q

The liquid portion of unclotted blood

A

Plasma

62
Q

A weak or irregular antigen-antibody reaction occurring when a great excess of antigen is exposed to a serum containing a relatively low titer of antibody

A

Postzone reaction

63
Q

An antigen-antibody reaction in which a soluble antigen is caused to settle out by the action of specific antibody (precipitin)

A

Precipitation

64
Q

A negative or weak reaction occurring when serum containing an extremely high titer of antibody is exposed to a relatively small amount of antigen. The failure of a serologic reaction to occur in high concentration of antibody

A

Prozone reaction

65
Q

The clumping of cells caused by agents other than antibodies

A

Pseudoagglutination

66
Q

An atom with an unstable nucleus that spontaneously emits radiation as it decays to a stable nucleus

A

Radioisotope

67
Q

An antibody-like substance produced by the body in response to certain types of tissue invasion and destruction. It is found in varying small amounts normally, but is usually increased in syphilis, malaria and certain other diseases

A

Reagin

68
Q

A progressively higher dissolution of a substance arranged in a definite sequence or series

A

Serial dilution

69
Q

A branch of biology which concerns itself with antigens and antibodies and their relationships

A

Serology

70
Q

A condition wherein the cells are coated with incomplete (blocking or univalent) specific antibody

A

Sensitized

71
Q

The detection of a specific antibody in the serum of an individual in whom the antibody was previously undetectable

A

Seroconversion

72
Q

The fluid portion after the blood clots

A

Serum

73
Q

The special affinity between an antigen and its corresponding antibody

A

Specificity

74
Q

An assay in which one of the reactants is bound to a surface

A

Solid radioimmunoassay

75
Q

An enzyme that dissolves clots by converting plasminogen to plasmin

A

Streptokinase

76
Q

A thymus-derived lymphocyte responsible for cell-mediated hypersensitivity

A

T-lymphocyte (T-cell)

77
Q

An expression of the highest dilution of serum which gives a visible reaction

A

Titer

78
Q

The measurement of light transmitted through a suspension of particles

A

Turbidimetry

79
Q

The agglutination of red blood cells by a virus

A

Viral hemagglutination

80
Q

An antibody (or agglutinin) or hemagglutinin that is active at 37 degrees Celsius but not at 4 degrees Celsius

A

Warm agglutinin

81
Q

The reduction in the electrical charge of red cell when it is suspended in a high ionic strength colloidal medium (albumin).

A

Zeta potential

Serology & Immunology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions