TERM 4 - Unit 3 Release of Nelson Mandela (p189-194) Flashcards
What was the long-term CONSEQUENCES for South Africa for resistance & repression (apartheid)?
** RAND devalued
** GOLD & diamond shares dropped
** SANCTIONS
** big companies LEFT SA
Why did sport & music teams no longer go to SA?
Boycots (cultural and sport)
What are SANCTIONS?
When countries refuse to trade with a country, because of political reasons
How did the SOWETO uprising affect the economy of SA?
** RAND devalued
** GOLD & diamond shares dropped
** SANCTIONS
** big companies LEFT SA
How did the SOWETO uprising affect the black education?
- Schools closed (learners had to repeat the year)
- thousands of black kids left the country
- Afrikaans was not enforced in schools, policy was
changed
How did the SOWETO uprising affect the international community?
- shocked
- they applied sanctions and refused to trade with SA
Who was Derrick Thema?
journalist (he reported and was an eye witness on 17 June 1976)
Why were whites and African policemen targets for the learners to stone?
- they were targets, because they symbolized the
government that had made the Apartheid laws
Explain why there was a change of mood of the learners according to Mkhabela
Their mood changed when they heard a boy was shot
Why did the learners burn down liquor stores?
symbols of depression
Name the Prime Minister who was forced to resign in 1987 when it was discovered that tax payer money was spent on propoganda?
John Voster
Who became the next Prime Minister after John Voster?
PW Botha
What strategy did PW Botha use to get support?
- he poured money into the homelands (neighbouring
countries) - dropped petty apartheid laws
- made Indians and Coloureds part of the
government
What union was formed to unite the smaller trade unions?
COSATU (Congress of South African Trade Union)
What was the EXTERNAL PRESSURE on the Apartheid in the 1980’s?
- Many countries STOPPED buying SA goods
- big companies LEFT (Pepsi, BP, Chevrolet)
- Some AIRLINES refused to fly to SA
- Some countries did now ALLOW South Africans to
visit them - PETROL supplies were limited, reduced top speed
to 90 km/h - Musicians/Sportsmen were blacklisted (names put
on a list, penalised) if they performed in SA - South Africans were expelled from OLYMPICS
When and where was Nelson Mandela released from prison?
WHEN - 11 Feb 1990
WHERE - Victor Verster prison in Paarl
How many years of apartheid ended with the election in April 1994?
(Democratic election was during 26 - 29 April 1994)
46 years
What was the democratic election of 1994 a symbol of?
The NEW SA - all races and colour working together
Why did PW Botha INCREASE the military budget? (they spend lots of money
So the army could go into the townships to control the unrest and rioting
Archbishop DESMOND TUTU fought against apartheid and he was awarded with what in 1984?
Nobel Peace Prize
FW de Klerk stunned the WORLD in 1990 when he said that all :
1) political parties would be unbanned &
2) Nelson Mandela released from prison
What was in his speech on this day when he ended apartheid?
+ ANC and other parties unbanned
+ Death penalty suspended
+ State of Emergency lifted
+ Trade unions could function freely
+ Political prisoners released immediately
The world acknowledged Nelson Mandela & FW de Klerk - they both played a big part in preventing a “blood bath”. Civil war almost broke out, but there was a democratic election in 1994. These 2 men were awarded with what?
Nobel Peace Prize
FW de Klerk was hoping for a power-sharing government, where white people would still be in control. ANC made it clear that they only wanted “ONE PERSON, ONE VOTE” - how did they make it clear?
- protests
- lots of violence
- killings
Nelson Mandela became president of the RAINBOW NATION after the democratic election in 1994. What percentage of the votes did the ANC and the NP win?
ANC - 62 %
NP - 20%
