Term 4 Test- Light and the electromagnetic spectrum Flashcards

1
Q

When does reflection occur?

A

A wave hits a boundary between two mediums and does not pass through, but instead stays in the original medium

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2
Q

What is the law of reflection?

A

Angle of incidence (i) = Angle of reflection (r)

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3
Q

When does refraction occur?

A

Refraction occurs when light passes a boundary between two different transparent media
At the boundary, the rays of light change direction because the light changes speed

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4
Q

When does total internal reflection occur?

A

The angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle and the incident material is denser than the second material

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5
Q

What is specular reflection?

A

Reflection from a smooth surface in a single direction

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6
Q

What is diffuse reflection?

A

Reflection from a rough surface causes scattering

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7
Q

If an object appears red what does this mean has happened?

A

Only red light has been reflected
All the other frequencies of visible light have been absorbed

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8
Q

What are the two types of lenses?

A

Converging and diverging

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9
Q

In ROYGBIV which of these has the longest wavelength

A

Red

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10
Q

In ROYGBIV which of these has the shortest wavelength

A

Violet

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11
Q

Describe a converging lens

A

Lenses that are thicker in the middle. A converging lens bend rays of light towards one another, bringing them to one point.c

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12
Q

Describe a diverging lens

A

Lenses that are thinner in the middle. A diverging lens bends rays of light away from each other.

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13
Q

What does the power of a lens mean?

A

The greater the power of the lens, the more light it bends

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14
Q

Is the power for a diverging lens positive or negative?

A

Negative

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15
Q

Is the power for a converging lens positive or negative?

A

Positive

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16
Q

Describe a real image

A

A real image is formed where light rays converge and are actually focused on a screen.

17
Q

Describe a virtual image

A

A virtual image is formed by light rays which appear to diverge from that point, but do not actually do so.

18
Q

What a properties of an electromagnetic wave?

A
  • They are all transverse
  • They travel at the same speed in a vacuum ( 3 x 10 to the power of 8 m/s)
  • Transfer energy
19
Q

List in the right order the electromagnetic spectrum

A

Radio waves, Micro waves, Infra red, Visible light, Ultra violet, X-rays, Gamma rays

20
Q

What waves are commonly used by satellites?

A

Microwaves and Radio waves

21
Q

What are problems of radiation with high energy?

A

Highly ionising and harmful to cells and tissues causing cancer.

22
Q

When EM waves interact with matter to they speed up or slow down

A

Slow down, therefore the denser the substance the slower the wave

23
Q

What different ways can EM waves move from one medium to another?

A

Transmitted, Absorbed, Reflected, Refracted

24
Q

What type of waves can be used by satellites?

A

Microwaves and Radio waves

25
What are EM waves made up of?
EM waves are made up of oscillating electric and magnetic fields
26
Name two things infrared radiation can be used for?
- Monitor temperature - Transfer information
27
Which type of EM wave has the highest frequency?
Gamma rays
28
True or False Changes in atoms can generate EM waves?
True
29
What type of radiation is used in optical fibres?
Infrared radiation
30
Name some side effects of X-rays
Could cause cancer/ cell mutations/ damage cells
31
True or False As an object's temperature increases, the peak wavelength of the radiation it emits will become shorter.
True
32
If an objects temperature is constant, what can be said about the average power emitted and absorbed by that object?
The average power emitted by the object will be equal to the average power absorbed by the object.
33
True or False Radiation from the sun can be absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere
True