term 3 science revision Flashcards
define matter
anything that has mass
define mass
mass is a measurement of how much matter is in an object
define volume
the amount of space a 3D shape takes up
what is a pure substance?
A substance which only has one type of molecule
what are the most common measuring units for volume?
mL and L
what is a mixture?
a combination of two substances
what is a homogenous mixture?
a homogenous mixture is a mixture where you cannot see the two different substances
give an example of a homogenous mixture
saltwater - mixed (or if you come up with a different one search it up to make sure!)
what is a heterogeneous mixture?
a heterogeneous mixture is a mixture where you can see two substances mixed together
what is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
gravel and sand (or if you come up with a different one search it up to make sure!)
define a molecule
the smallest unit of a substance
what is an observation?
something true that you have proof of (by seeing/hearing)
what is an inference?
an educated guess based on the observation
what are the metric units of mass - m? (hint: there’s 3 of them)
mg, g, kg
what are the metric units of measurement - L? (hint: there’s 4 of them)
mm, cm, m, km
what are the metric units of time? (hint: there’s 4 of them)
s, min, h, days
what are the metric units of temperature? (hint: there’s 1 of them)
℃
what is water’s melting point?
0℃
what is water’s boiling point?
100℃
what are the 3 states of matter?
solid, liquid, gas
how do particles behave in a solid?
tight and compact
how do particles behave in a liquid?
have more energy, break apart
how do particles behave in a gas?
bouncing around in whatever space it’s in
what does concentrated mean?
has a high amount of solute
what does dilute mean?
has a higher amount of solvent than solute in a solution
what does saturated mean?
has the maximum amount of solute that can be in a solvent
what is a phase change?
when a state of matter changes due to heat or cold being applied
what are the names of the phase changes?
sublimation, melting, freezing, condensation, evaporation, deposition
define sublimation
where a solid transforms into a gas without becoming a liquid
define deposition
where a gas transforms into a solid without becoming a liquid
define suspension
a mixture of an insoluble substance in a liquid or gas
define sediment
the insoluble material that collects at the bottom of a container when suspensions are left to stand
define solution
when a solvent and solute are mixed together
define colloid
a mixture not chemically combined
define emulsion
a colloid where droplets of one liquid spread evenly through one another
what’s chromatography?
the water expanding dye colours
what’s decantation?
were you let the sediment settle and then you pore the solvent slowly so you just have sediment
what’s distillation?
the really complicated one were there’s two liquids and you boil it to one of the liquids boiling temperatures so that you have them separated
