Term 3 Ling 103 Flashcards by E S

Ancient world
(21a history of linguistics)

Transition from babylonian-samirian to Hebrew, focus on religious texts

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Word Class introduction
(21a history of linguistics)

Introduced by Greek; Plate and Krataylos emphasised word-meaning relationships

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Etymology
(21a history of linguistics)

The study of word origins, Plato and Krataylos were interested in this

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Aristotle’s disagreement
(21a history of linguistics)

Believed word-meaning relation is conventional, not natural

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Middle Ages
(21a history of linguistics)

Focus on Latin grammar imposition, universal grammar, and language origins

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Roger Bacon
(21a history of linguistics)

Advocated one letter per sound in language for clarity

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Colonisation impact
(21a history of linguistics)

western contact with diverse languages, Indo-European concept

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Romanticism Era
(21a history of linguistics)

Interest in old literature, sound change, and morphology

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Grimm’s Law
(21a history of linguistics)

Distinguishes Germanic languages with Indo-European group

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Structuralism
(21a history of linguistics)

Focus on language system interrelations, not change

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Ferdinand de Saussure
(21a history of linguistics)

Introduced linguistic sign concept, synchrony vs diachrony

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Langue vs Parole
(21a history of linguistics)

system vs individual use acts

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Paradigmatic relations
(21a history of linguistics)

words occupying the same sentence position

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Syntagmatic Relations
(21a history of linguistics)

words combining in sentences

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Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
(20a/21a linguistic relativity/history of linguistics)

Language influences thought based on culture

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Bloomfield’s theory
(21a history of linguistics)

Behaviourism influence, language learned behaviour

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British schools
(21a history of linguistics)

emphasised prosody, meaning in context

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Noam Chomsky
(21a history of linguistics)

emphasised syntax rules, universal language principles

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Joseph Greenburg
(21a history of linguistics)

Studied functionalism, language diversification correlations

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Corpus linguistics
(21b corpus linguistics)

study of language bodies electronically, statistical analysis

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Human analysts
(21b corpus linguistics)

interpret computer findings, relate to societal context.

collocates
(21b corpus linguistics)

words connect by frequent co-occurrance

Sketch engine
(21b corpus linguistics)

A tool to identify the top keywords by comparing men’s and women’s comments

Concordance analyses
(21b corpus linguistics)

Method to study word context and gender relations

Natural Language Processing (NLP) (22a computational linguistics)

Text data analysis using computational techniquesG

Generative technology (22a computational linguistics)

Automatically producing language data using computational methods

Low resource languages (22a computational linguistics)

Languages lacking resources for technological development

Deepfakes (22a computational linguistics)

fake images or videos created to appear real

Forensic Speech Science (22b/23a Forensic linguistics)

Analysis of spoken data in forensic investigations

Forensic linguistics (22b/23a Forensic linguistics)

Analysis of textual data in forensic investigations

Jan Svartvik (22b/23a Forensic linguistics)

Forensic linguist analysing Evan's statements

Forensic Phonetics (22b/23a Forensic linguistics)

Phonetic analysis of spoken data in forensic investigations

Forensic Transcription (22b/23a Forensic linguistics)

Determining what was said in a recording and by whom, especially in lower quality recordings

Fraser (2018) Study (22b/23a Forensic linguistics)

Investigated inaccurate transcriptions impact on listeners perception of recorded speech

Disputed Utterances (22b/23a Forensic linguistics)

Case study involving a controversially transcribed audio segment in a murder trial

Enhancement Misconception (22b/23a Forensic linguistics)

Belief that enhancing audio simplified transcription (not true)

Importance of Literacy Studies (24a literacy studies)

studying the role of reading/writing in society, communication and educational linguistics

Literacy Crisis (24a literacy studies)

concern over people not meeting necessary literacy standards for effective communication

Literacy Definition (24a literacy studies)

Ability to read/write; skill/knowledge in a subject with public discourse often framing it

Literacy studies approach (24a literacy studies)

Focus on how reading/writing is used in various contexts and its role in peoples lives

Literacy practices diversity (24a literacy studies)

Varied ways of utilising written language in different social and cultural contexts

Literacy Practices: History (24a literacy studies)

Evolution from psychological skills model to sociolinguistic views emphasising social practices

Literacy Practices (24a literacy studies)

Behaviours in specific contexts, influences by established norms and conventions

Social practices (24a literacy studies)

ways of behaving and operating in specific contexts, influence by norms

Literacy Studies (24a literacy studies)

Challenges the autonomous model of literacy, focusing on diverse practices

Ideology (24a literacy studies)

Belief systems supporting power relations, influencing literacy value

Ethnographic approach

Research method involving observing literacy events and engaging with people

Conlangs (25a conlangs)

Planned/artificial languages classified based on source material or purposeConst

Constructed language (25a conlangs)

consciously created language with intended or resulting functional linguistic system

Revitalised Languages (25a conlangs)

Language with new vocabulary, sometimes sparking conflicts