Term 3

Question 1

What are the four elements of weather?

Answer 1

Temperature
Cloud cover
Rainfall
Wind

Question 2

What is temperature?

Answer 2

How hot or cold something is

Question 3

What is cloud cover?

Answer 3

The amount of clouds covering the sky

Question 4

What is rainfall?

Answer 4

The amount of rain that falls over an aerea

Question 5

What is wind speed?

Answer 5

How fast or strong the wind is

Question 6

What is precipitation?

Answer 6

The different forms in which water falls to the ground

Question 7

Name three forms of precipitation

Answer 7

Rain
Hail
Snow

Question 8

What instrument is used to measure rain?

In what units do we measure rain?

Answer 8

A rain gauge measures rainfall in millimeters

Question 9

What instrument is used to measure temperature?

In what units do we measure temperature?

Answer 9

A thermometer measures temperature in degrees Celsius

Question 10

What are the boiling and freezing points of water?

Answer 10

Water boils at 100°C and freezes at 0°C

Question 11

Wind is named according to the direction it is blowing to. True or False?

Answer 11

False. Wind is named according to the direction it is coming from

Question 12

If the wind is blowing in a northwesterly direction what would it be called?

Answer 12

A southeasterly wind

Question 13

If you see numbers on a weather map, eg 11/27, what does it mean?

Answer 13

The minimum temperature expected that day is 11°C and the maximum is 27°C

Question 14

What do you call the amount of rain that falls in a place in one year?

Answer 14

Annual rainfall

Question 15

In which season does most of South Africa get its rain?

Answer 15

Summer

Question 16

In what season does Cape Town get the most rain?

Answer 16

Winter

Question 17

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Answer 17

Weather describes the weather elements of a particular day while climate describes the general weather conditions in an area over a long period of time

Question 18

What are we describing when we say what the climate of an area is?

Answer 18

Climate describes what the summer or winter weather is usually like, eg hot, warm, cool, cold, dry, wet or humid

Question 19

What is natural vegetation?

Answer 19

The grass, plants and trees that grow naturally in an area without being planted.

Question 20

What is the link between natural vegetation and climate?

Answer 20

Different climates make it possible for different kinds of plants to grow

Question 21

What kind of plants grow well in very dry areas?

Answer 21

Succulents that have thick juicy leaves, stems or roots.

Question 22

Give an example of a plant that needs rain in winter and can survive hot, dry summers.

Answer 22

The protea

Question 23

What is the largest natural forest in South Africa? Where is it?

Answer 23

The Tsitsikamma Forest in the Eastern Cape

Question 24

What is the best climate for forests?

Answer 24

Warm and wet climate all year round

Question 25

What is a grassland?

Answer 25

A high-lying area where there are few trees and mostly different types of grass.

Question 26

What climate is best for grasslands?

Answer 26

A summer rainfall climate

Question 27

How do baobab trees survive dry conditions?

Answer 27

They store water in their trunks and shed their leaves in winter

Question 28

What is a savanna?

Answer 28

A grassland area that has trees and other smaller bushes.

Question 29

Describe the two main types of savannah in South Africa

Answer 29

1. The type where the grass does not get eaten by animals so there are few animals in the area 2. The type where the grass does get eaten by animals so there are many animals in the area

Question 30

What is the climate of the savanna?

Answer 30

Warm throughout the year. Usually has summer rainfall and warm, dry winters.

Question 31

How do the plants that grow on the savanna protect themselves from fires?

Answer 31

Some plants store water and nutrients in their roots which allows them to grow again after fire. Some trees have thick bark to protect them.

Question 32

What do acacia trees have to help them survive?

Answer 32

They have long tap roots that can find water deep underground in drought conditions and thorns that prevent animals from eating their leaves.

Question 33

Name some animals that live on the savannah

Answer 33

``` Buffalo Wildebeest Springbok Giraffes Zebras Elephants Rhinos Lions Cheetahs Leopards Hyenas Wild dogs ```