Term 2 Flashcards
Objective pronouns
Me Him Her Us They It
Possessive pronouns
Mine His Hers Ours Theirs Its
It’s means
It is
Its means
Belonging to it
Three pronoun rules
1) When you have a double object or subject you use the singular case.
2) after ‘but’ ‘than’ and ‘as’ use the subjective case.
3) after a preposition, use the objective case.
Finite
Verbs with tenses. Past, present, future
Infinite or non finite
Infinitive, participants and auxiliary
Infinitive
A verb that comes after the word ‘to’.
Participles
Usually end in ‘ed’ or ‘ing’
Auxiliary verbs
Verbs such as be, have, do, can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might and must.
Help complete the meaning on the verb.
Six types of adjectives.
Possessive Descriptive Numerical- first and second Interrogative- which, whose and what Demonstrative- this, that and those Proper
Adverb
Often ends in ‘ly’
Answers the questions
How, where, when and how often and degree
Prepositions
Placing words Through Under Before During With or without Above Since Of From For
Conjunctions
Join words and phrases
Three types of conjunctions
1) coordinating
2) subordinating
3) correlative
Coordinating
FANBOYS
Correlative
Work in pairs
Neither, nor
Both, and
Not only, but also
Articles
The and ‘a’ or ‘an’
Definite is
The
Indefinite
A and an
Interjections
Expressive words
Sort exclamations
Participants
Words that end in 'ing' Can be Verbs Adjectives Conjunctions or nouns
2 types of apostrophe
Omission
Possessive
Omission
H
Possession
9 rules
• singular, ‘s
• plural and ending in an ‘s’ only add ‘ after the ‘s’
• when the owner is plural but does not end in an ‘s’ add ‘s
• names and surnames ending in ‘s’ add ‘s
• biblical names ending in ‘s’ only add ‘
• in the case of double or more names, only use the ‘s on the last one
• possessive pronouns never get an ‘
Direct speech
Uses the direct speech of speaker
Start an new line every time a new person speaks
!? Are placed inside the inverted commas
If the introductory verb comes first, you put a comma after it, before the inverted commas
Some other reporting verbs beside said or asked
Advised Enquire Agreed Uttered Warned Told Yelled Denied Squeaked Sniggered Muttered Announced Warned
What to remember when writing indirect/ reported speech
Make sure your tenses make sense throughout your paragraph,
Rules of concord
1) infinite pronouns are always singular and therefore always require a singular verb
2) each is often followed by a phrase that ends in a plural word, whoever each mean each one and therefore always has a singular verb
3) phrase such as : together with, as well as, along with are not the same as ‘and’. These words do not indicate that the subject is plural
4) the pronouns: either and neither are considered singular and require singular verbs
5) the conjunction ‘or’ does not join two subjects. When ‘nor’ or ‘or’ is used the subject closer to the verb determines if you use a singular or plural
6) sometimes extra information is added into the sentence between the subject and the verb, but thus information must not confuse the agreement between the subject and the verb
7) a pair and collective nouns are treated as singulars
8) some singular nouns ending in ‘s’ are treated as singulars
Subjective pronouns
I He She We The It
Slang
Very informal, peculiar to a specific group such as teenagers or surfers
Colloquial
Informal, everyday language that we speak to people we know
Jagon
Words that are used only in a specific occupation or activity
Formal language
No contractions, jagon, slang
More difficult vocabulary
Tone is more formal
Register
Can be from formal to informal. How we speak to different people in different situations.
Can be identified in two ways
Diction and tone
Diction and tone
Diction-the choice of words that you use
Tone- attitude of speaker to his/her subject
Register is affected by
The relationship, the situation, the intention and the medium.
Sereotypes
Generalisation based on appearance, age, gender, job, position in family…ect
Makes us feel superior
Subjective writing
When you express your personal opinion in a piece of writing
Frequent use of adjectives and adverbs
Objective writing
Unemotional, factual and looks at all sides. very few adjective and adverbs
