Term 1 Grade 10 Flashcards
Hardware Def
Computer hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer and related devices. The internal hardware
parts of a computer are often referred to as components and the external hardware devices are usually
called peripherals.
INPUT DEVICES
An input device allows the user to interact directly with a computer. The devices give data and instructions
to the computer,
VGA
an analog video-only connection.
Laser printers:
A laser printer is a popular printer for personal use. These
printers use electrostatic technology.
+are used for mass production
printing because they are generally faster and more reliable but with worse
quality prints.
Ink-jet printers:
An inkjet printer operates by painting an image using a
spray of ink. This is done by hundreds of tiny nozzles that spray drops of ink
directly onto the paper while moving across it.
Output devices
An output device is any device that takes data stored on a computer and makes
it available to the user in an easy to understand way.
Refresh rate:
The refresh rate of a monitor determines how quickly the image on the monitor can be updated
Highest is 60 hz
Screen size:
Measured diagonally
Number of pixels:
Tiny dot which makes up picture
More pixels, better quality
Contrast ratio:
A measure of the number of shades the monitor can show
between its blackest black and brightest white.
Aspect ratio:
This is the basic shape of the screen based on the ratio of the
width to the height measured in inches.
Dot-matrix printers:
These printers use a series of small pins to strike a
ribbon coated with ink, causing the ink to transfer to the paper at the point
of impact. Dot-matrix printers are mostly outdated as a personal printer but
are still used in banks and manufacturing businesses where it is necessary
to use carbon paper to produce multiple copies of a document.
Dots per inch (DPI)
measures how many dots a printer can print in one inch
(or 2.54 cm). The higher the DPI, the more detailed the prints.
Lumens
which measures the brightness of the projector.
HDMI
a digital video audio connection.
Ink-tank printer:
These printers have print heads built into the printer and
use an integrated bulk ink system. This means that ink is supplied
continuously to the print head from an ink tank within the printer itself, no
expensive cartridges are needed. When the ink is finished, it can be refilled
from an ink bottle. Because of this, printing costs are much lower. They
produce low-cost, high volume printing.
Resolution,
which determines how many pixels can be displayed.
Pages per minute (PPM)
measures how many pages of black text a printer
can print in a minute. The higher the PPM, the faster the printer can print.
Contrast ratio,
which measures the difference between the darkest and
lightest parts of the image (that is, the contrast).
HARD DISK DRIVE (HDD)
A computer hard disk drive is a secondary storage device consisting of
magnetic disks or platters that rotate at high speed. Its main function is to store
data permanently by controlling the positioning, reading and writing of data onto
the hard disk.
SOLID-STATE DRIVE (SSD)
Solid-state drives (or SSDs) are a type of storage device that, unlike hard drives,
do not have any moving parts. Instead, SSDs make use of special floating gate
transistors to store data electronically. Solid state drives (SSDs) are generally
many times faster than normal hard drives.
HYBRID STORAGE DEVICE
A hybrid storage device is a storage device that combines an HDD with an SSD.
By doing this, the hybrid storage device can take advantage of the storage
capacity of the HDD as well as the speed of the SSD.
The functions of the motherboard is to:
● provide a place for other devices or interfaces to be connected to (such as
more memory or another graphics cards)
● distribute power to the various components
● act as a communication hub as the components send and receive
information through the motherboard.
MEMORY VS. STORAGE
Memory = Volatile
Storage = Permanant
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
A system software is a specific type of software that manages a computing
device. The system software comprises the operating system, utility programmes,
and device drivers.
AN OPERATING SYSTEM
An operating system is software that manages hardware, software and other
applications on a computing device.
