Term 1 Flashcards
Glucose sugar
A white sugar found in plant (plants food) and animal tissues
What is photosynthesis
The complex process by which plants gain energy from water, carbon dioxide as well as various other elements
Starch
A white substance which exists in large amounts in potatoes and particular grains such as rice
Chlorophyll
The green coloring matter in leaves and plants essential to the production of carbohydrates by photosynthesis. Chlorophyll has the ability to absorb the energy from the sun and convert it to chemical potential energy.
Describe how plants make their own food
Plants food is glucose sugar.
Photosynthesis takes place in the green leaves .
The plant uses energy from the sun, carbon dioxide and water to make glucose sugar.
Plants change some of the glucose sugar into starch which they store in their leaves, stems, roots, flowers, fruits and seeds.
Iodine solution
Is used to test for starch in food. The starch will change from brown to blue-black
Carbon dioxide
A colorless, odorless gas that does not burn, present in the atmosphere and formed during respiration
Oxygen
A colorless, odorless gaseous element in the atmosphere making up about a fifth of the atmosphere and essential in the creation and sustenance of life
Clear lime water
Clear lime water is used to test for carbon dioxide. The water becomes milky
Food groups
There are five major food groups Carbohydrate Protein Fat Vitamin Mineral
Additive
A substance that is added to another substance, usually to improve its quality or counteract undesired properties
Artificial sweetener
A synthetic substance used to sweeten something in place of sugar
Atmosphere
The mixture of gases around the earth
Balanced diet
The correct amount of food intake of the various food groups for a given person
Calcium
A chemical element which is present in teeth, bones and chalk
Carbohydrates
Substances such as sugar or starch, which provide the body with energy, or foods containing these substances such as bread, potatoes, pasta and rice
Caboloading
Eating lots of carbohydrates before an athletic events
Carnivore
An animal that eats other animals
Colorant
Something used as a coloring matter, pigment, dye
Consumer
A person or thing that consumes
Decomposed
An organism, usually bacteria or fungus, that breaks down the cells of dead plants and animals into simpler substances
Diabetes
A disease in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood
Diet
A particular selection of foods which a specific person would usually consume
Ecosystems
All the living things in an area and the way they interact with each other and the environment
Edible
Safe to be eaten as food
Energy
power that comes from physical or chemical resources, for example to provide light or heat or to work machines
Feeding relationship
a food chain amongst different animals
Fermentation
a change brought about by fermentation, such as yeast enzymes, which convert grape sugar into ethyl
Flavourant
a substance used to give something else such as a food, a better tast
Food chains
a series of organisms interrelated in their feeding habits
Food processing
a process by which food is either broken down into a smaller or more basic form or changed
Food web
a series of organisms related by predator-prey and consumer-resource interactions the entirety of interrelated food chains in an ecological community
habitats
the natural environments in which animals or plants usually live
herbivores
animals that feed on grass and plants
Immune system
the cells and tissues in the body which make it able to protect itself against infection
Infection
an invasion of the body by a contaminating organism in a bodily part of tissue which may cause damage
insulate
cover with a material usually plastic to make wires safe
Iron
a common silver-coloured metal element which is magnetic. It is strong, used in making steel and found in very small amounts, in a chemically combined form in blood
Metabolise
to break down foods for energy in the human body
Micro organisms
any organism too small to be seen by the unaided eye
minerals
chemicals that your body needs to stay healthy
Natural enemies
animals in nature that are natural predators
Non-perishable
not subject to rapid deterioration of decay
Nutrient content
the amount of nutrients found in a given food
nutrients
nourishing qualities in a food
nutritionist
an expert on the subject of nutrition
obesity
extremely fat. a diet that is high in fat can lead to obesity
Omnivore
an animal who’s diet includes both animals and plants
perishable
subject to decay, ruin or destruction
predator
an organism that exists by preying on other organisms
preservative
a chemical substance used to prevent or slow down the decaying of organic materials
producers
a photosynthetic green plant which makes up the first level of the food chain
protein
a food group, particularly important for the growth and development of cells
rickets
a disease which children who do not have enough Vitamin D can suffer from, in which the bones become soft and not shaped correctly
scalding
the temeprature of a liquid just short of boiling point
scavengers
an animal or other organism that feeds on dead organic matter
scurvy
an illness of the body tissues which is caused by not having enough Vitamin C
Seasonal
pertaining to the seasons of the year
sell-by-date
a date printed on the packaging of perishable goods indicating the date after which the food should not be eaten
Stool
solid waste matter that your body excretes when you go to the toilet
Sugar
a sweet substance especially from the plants sugar cane and sugar beet, used to make food and drinks sweet
Tooth decay
this happens when a tooth becomes gradually damaged. Sugar feeds bacteria which makes teeth decay
Vitamins
any of a group of natural substances which are necessary in small amounts for the growth and good health of the body
The complex process by which plants gain energy from water, carbon dioxide as well as various other elements
Photosynthesis
