Teratogens, Immune, & Allergies Flashcards
What are Teratogens?
substances that cause birth defects or abnormalities in a developing fetus
What are immune modulators?
substances that affect the immune response
List the three families and plants that contain teratogens
- Melanthiaceae- Veratrum californicum
- Cannabaceae- Cannabis sativa
- Solanceae- Nicotiana spp.
List three plants that produce immune modulators and what they produce
1, Echinacea purpurea - produce phenylpropanoids
2. Aloe vera and Angelica sinesis - produce polysaccharides
3. Elaphocordyceps subsessilis - produce cyclic peptides
Veratrum californicum family
Melanthiaceae
Cannabis sativa family
Cannabaceae
what does veratrum californicum produce and what does it do
cyclopamine- teratogen that inhibits the hedgehod signaling pathway, blocks the activity of smoothened and leads to cyclopia
Nictotiana spp. family
Solanaceae
what does nicotiana spp. produce and what are its effects
nicotine - teratogen that affects the CNS, causes epigenetic changes
Echinace purpurea family
Asteraceae
what two compounds do echinacea produce
- Echniacoside
- Cichoric acid
Aloe vera family
Asphodelaceae
what compound does aloe vera produce
the polysaccharide acemannan - increases the production of cytokines and nitric oxide
Angelica sinensis family
Apiaceae
what compound does angelica sinesis produce
the polysaccharides Angelan - boosts immune function
