Teratogens

Question 0

Alkylating agents

Answer 0

absence of digits, multiple anomalies

Question 1

ACE inhibitors

Answer 1

Renal damage

Question 2

Aminoglycosides

Answer 2

CNVIII toxicity

Question 3

Carbamazepine

Answer 3

Neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, IUGR, developmental delay

Question 4

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

Answer 4

Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma, congenital Mullerian anomalies

Question 5

Folate antagonists

Answer 5

Neural tube defects

Question 6

Lithium

Answer 6

Ebstein’s anomaly (atrialized right ventricle)

Question 7

Phenytoin

Answer 7

Fetal hydantoin syndrome: microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges, cardiac defects, IUGR, MENTAL RETARDATION

Question 8

Tetracyclines

Answer 8

discolored teeth

Question 9

Thalidomide

Answer 9

Limb defects (flipper limbs)

Question 10

Valproate

Answer 10

Inhibition of maternal folate absorption –> neural tube defects

Question 11

Warfarin

Answer 11

Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities

Question 12

Smoking

Answer 12

preterm labor, IUGR, ADHD

Question 13

Maternal diabetes

Answer 13

Caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia), congential heart defects, neural tube defects

Question 14

Vitamin A excess

Answer 14

High risk for spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac abnormalities)

Question 15

X rays

Answer 15

Microcephaly, mental retardation