TENR

Question 1

Threat

Answer 1

The subjects intent, capability, or opportunity along with the physical environment.

Question 2

Exposure

Answer 2

Awareness of safety, security, or public trust and confidence issues.

Question 3

Necessity

Answer 3

Awareness of the need to intervene (act) now, later, or not at all.

Question 4

Response

Answer 4

Proportionate, timely, reasonable, and lawful Police actions using tactics and tactical options.

Question 5

Perceived cumulative assessment

Answer 5

Your subjective assessment and continuous reassessment of an incident, using TENR model, based on information known about the situation and the subjects behaviour. The PCA may escalate and/or de-escalate more than once during an incident. There are five categories in the PCA, which are represented in the TOF - cooperative, passive resistance, active resistance, assaultive, GBH or death.

Question 6

Engage, disengage, or delay?

Answer 6

Your decision to escalate or de-escalate your response, and your choice of tactical option(s), must be continually reassessed, using the TENR model, so you choose the most reasonable option, given all the circumstances known at the time. Effective communication between Police is as critical as effective tactical communication with the subject(s). Constant assessment, planning, and communication between Police should occur throughout a use of force incident.

Question 7

Presence and tactical communication

Answer 7

Tactical communication is Police’s preferred option for resolving incidents. Use tactical communication throughout an incident, alone, or in conjunction with any other tactical option used.

Question 8

Tactical options and degrees of force

Answer 8

• officer presence and tactical communication
• mechanical restraints e.g. handcuffing
• empty hand techniques e.g. physical restraints and strikes
• OC spray
• baton, taser, dogs, weapon(s) of opportunity
• firearms and other force with serious implications

Question 9

Prepare, show, and use force

Answer 9

“Prepare” force means carriage of a tactical option.

“Show” force means presenting a tactical option at a subject.

“Use” force means the application of force on a subject.

Question 10

Reporting use of force

Answer 10

The use of force chapter of the Police Manual outlines which “shows” and “uses” of force are required to report. Reporting force facilitates evidence based decision making to improve employee and public safety.

Question 11

Reasonable force includes..

Answer 11

Force that is necessary and proportionate, given all the circumstances known at the time.