Tendon Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

SDFT tendinitis in the horse

A

Acute lameness
Flexor tendon sheath effusion + carpal sheath effusion
Fetlock sinking p

Dx: core lesions in the tendon

Tx: cold hosing, NSAIDs, support dressing, box rest 6w
Tendon splitting
Stem cells and PRP 
Ultrasound therapy 
Early light exercise 
Controlled exercise programme

Monitor healing using ultrasound over 6-9 months

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2
Q

Accessory ligament desmitis

A

Swelling in the proximal metacarpal region
- dorsal to the SDFT on the Palmar aspect of the joint
Moderate to severe lameness
Secondary foot contracture

Dx: ultrasound shows core lesions

Tx: cold hosing, NSAIDs, rest, controlled exercise
Surgical desmotomy

Guarded px - recurrence common and secondary foot contractures

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3
Q

Suspensory ligament desmitis

A

Injury most commonly at the origin and proximal part of the SL
+/- concurrent bony damage - avulsion fx / enthesiopathy

Unilateral - more acute
Bilateral - more chronic = vague poor performance

CE - acute - swelling, pain and heat
Chronic - often no findings

Localise with nerve blocks
Dx: US - enlargement, poor margination, reduced or increased echogenicity, oedema

Tx: rest, controlled exercise, NSAIDS
PRP and stem cells 
Shockwave therapy 
Ligament splitting
Neurectomy / fasciotomy - covered by a ligament which creates pressure and compresses the nerve supply
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4
Q

Causes of flexor tendon sheath effusion?

A

SDFT tear - manica flexoria
DDFT tear
PAL desmitis
Sepsis

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5
Q

Proximal annular ligament syndrome

A

CS: digital flexor tendon sheath effusion
Notching of the ligament due to PAL constriction
Mild to moderate lameness
Pain on flexion
Positive response to digital flexor tendon sheath analgesia or peri-neural analgesia

Imaging - assess tendons and PAL

Tx: cold hosing, NSAIDs, rest, controlled exercise 
NSAIDs
Corticosteroids in the tendon sheath 
Tenors copy 
PAL Desmotomy
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6
Q

Upwards fixation of the patellar

A

Medial pole of the patellar hooks over the medial trochlear as part of the stay apparatus
- but can’t be unlocked by the usual quadriceps mechanism due to muscle wastage

Seen in:
Horses on box rest
Poorly muscled animals
Straight hocked conformation

CS: limb locked in extension and toe dragged - dorsal wear of toe

Tx: exercise to build up muscle, tx concurrent problem
Splitting or injecting medial patellar ligament
Medial patellar desmotomy

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7
Q

Rupture of the peroneus tertius

A

Avulsion / rupture during hyperextension

CS: extended hock and stifle flexed - toe dragged

Guarded prognosis - minimum of 6-8 weeks box rest

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8
Q

Luxation of the SDFT from the point of the hock

A

Traumatic
Usually due to tearing of the medial ligament so displaces laterally

Acute calcanean bursa effusion
SDFT slips off the tuber calcis at walk = painful

Tx: conservative for 3-6 months

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