Temp Flashcards
Rickettsia species infecting humans in Canada
R. rickettsii
Possibly R. typhi and R. prowazekii
Rickettsia species that can cause fatal disease
R. rickettsii (4-23%)
R. prowazekii (13%)
R. conorii (21% of hospitalized)
R. typhi (4% of hospitalized)
Rickettsia species able to produce a latent infection (recrudescence years later)
R. prowazekii
“Brill-Zinsser disease”
Rickettsia spp. causing a CENTRIPETAL maculopapular rash with palm/plantar involvement (i.e. wrists and ankles to extremities to trunk)
R. rickettsii
Rickettsia spp. causing a CENTRIFUGAL maculopapular rash, with NO palm/plantar involvement (i.e. trunk to extremities)
R. prowazekii, R. typhi
Rickettsia spp. causing a maculopapular rash with an ESCHAR
R. conorii
R. parkeri (but sometimes vesicular)
Rickettsia spp. causing a VESICULAR rash with eschar
R. africae
R. akari
R. australis
R. parkeri (but sometimes maculopapular)
What general symptoms would make you think of Rickettsia spp.?
FEVER RASH (most; MP to vesicular) HEADACHE Myalgia Arthralgia Malaise Abdo pain Nausea
What shape are Borrelia spp.?
Spirochete (corkscrew)
What shape are Anaplasma spp.?
Pleomorphic
What shape are Ehrlichia spp.?
Pleomorphic
What shape are Orientia spp.?
Coccobacilli
What shape are Rickettsia spp.?
Coccobacilli
What’s missing from the cell wall of Borrelia spp.?
LPS
What’s missing from the cell wall of Anaplasma spp.?
LPS
PG
What’s missing from the cell wall of Ehrlichia spp.?
LPS
PG
What’s missing from the cell wall of Orientia spp.?
LPS
PG
What’s missing from the cell wall of Rickettsia spp.?
Nothing
Rickettsia have both LPS and PG
What cell types do Anaplasma multiply in?
PMNs
What cell types do Ehrlichia multiply in?
Monocytes
Except E.ewingii = PMNs
What cell types do Orientia multiply in?
Monocytes
What cell types do Rickettsia multiply in?
Vascular endothelial cells
What is the vector that transmits Orientia spp.?
Chigger mite
What is the vector that transmits Ehrlichia spp.?
Non-Ixodes ticks
What is the vector that transmits Anaplasma spp.?
Ixodes ticks
What is the vector that transmits Borrelia/Borreliella spp.?
Ticks (usually Ixodes, but not exclusively)
Exception: B.recurrentis = body lice.
What is the approximate genome size of the obligate intracellular bacteria (e.g. Rickettsiales)?
1-2 Mb
What are the member species of Borreliella burgdorferi sensu lato?
B. burgdorferi
B.afzelii
B.garinii
B.mayonii
(B. = Borreliella)
What is the vector that transmits Borrelia recurrentis?
Human body louse
Pediculus humanis corporis
What are the 2 species of Anaplasma that can cause human infections?
A. phagocytophilum
A. capra
What are the 3 species of Ehrlichia that can cause human infections?
E. chaffeensis
E. ewingii
E. muris subsp. eauclairensis
What are the species of Borrelia that can cause relapsing fever?
LOUSE-BORNE:
B.recurrentis
TICK-BORNE: B.hermsii B.turicatae B.parkeri B.miyamotoi ...
What are the 2 species of Orientia that can cause human infections?
O. tsutsugamushi
O. chuto
What are the species of Borreli(ell)a that can cause Lyme disease?
B. burgdorferi sensu stricto
B.afzelii
B.garinii
B.mayonii
(B. = Borreliella)
What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause murine typhus?
R. typhi
What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause epidemic typhus?
R. prowazekii
Epidemic typhus, a.k.a. louse-borne typhus
What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause louse-borne typhus?
R. prowazekii
Epidemic typhus, a.k.a. louse-borne typhus
What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause spotted fever?
R. africae R. australis R. conorii R. japonica R. parkeri R. rickettsii R. felis ...
What vectors can transmit relapsing fever?
Ticks
Lice for B.recurrentis
What vectors can transmit Lyme disease?
Ticks
What vectors can transmit Human Granulocytotrophic Anaplasmosis?
Ticks
Attached for a few hours
What vectors can transmit Human Monocytotropic Ehrlichiosis?
Ticks
Attached for >36h
What vectors can transmit Scrub typhus?
Chigger mite
What vectors can transmit Murine typhus?
Fleas
What vectors can transmit Epidemic typhus?
Human body louse
What vectors can transmit Rickettsial spotted fevers?
Ticks
R.felis = Fleas
What vectors can transmit Rickettsial pox?
Mite
What are the species of Rickettsia that can cause Rickettsial pox?
R. akari
