Telelogical Argument

Question 1

William Paley

Answer 1

Watch Analogy
Design qua purpose - eye
Design qua regulairty - planets

Question 2

What are Paley’s counters?

Answer 2

Never seen a watch being made - we could still infer purpose
Watch sometimes went wrong - still see evidence of design
Could not understand the purpose of all parts of a watch - we could still infer the overall purpose and design
Could be naturally occurring - chance is too small

Question 3

Arthur Brown

Answer 3

Ozone layer indicates design

Question 4

FR Tennant

Answer 4

Anthropic Principle - the existence of life suggests intelligent design
Aesthetic Principle - beauty in the world suggests design

Question 5

Swinburne

Answer 5

It is more probably we are designed than occurred by random chance
Card shuffling madman - while we can only exist in circumstances that allow for life that doesn’t make it any less extraordinary

Question 6

What are Hume’s Problems with analogy?

Answer 6

Analogy is limited by similarity
The universe is like nothing else so analogies fails
Cause and effect aren’t real so we can’t infer design
Paley’s designer would be evil

Question 7

What kind of designer does Hume argue we can infer?

Answer 7

Natural disasters imply a non-moral God
You can only infer a designer not the God of classical theism
Could be a non-perfect God - “First rude attempt of a junior deity”
Ships are designed by many people - could there be many Gods

Question 8

Epicurean Hypothesis

Answer 8

Given an infinite amount of time and particles universe could form by chance
Like throwing marbles
Goes against Thermodynamics (2nd law)
Not an infinite amount of particles or time

Question 9

Brian Davies

Answer 9

By inferring a designer you can infer many of the characteristics of God

Question 10

How can you counter Hume with Occam’s Razor?

Answer 10

Only need one God

Question 11

Dawkins

Answer 11

Natural Selection
Squid adapted to hostile environment but why would an intelligent designer place an animal there in the first place?
Eye’s weren’t designed but developed over time

Question 12

Fred Hoyle

Answer 12

Probablity of life originating by chance is the same as a hurricane blowing through a junk yard and assemsbly a Boeing 747

Question 13

Morowitz

Answer 13

The chance of a protein occuring by chance is 1:10^236

Question 14

Aquinas

Answer 14

5th Way, non intellligent beings act in the best way to achineve the purpose, they cannot guide themselves so most be guided by some intelligence e.g. God