Mind, Body & Soul

Question 1

Which is more important for Plato - body or soul?

Answer 1

Soul as it is part of the world of the forms

Question 2

3 aspects of the soul for Plato

Answer 2

Reason, Appetite, Spirit

Question 3

Plato’s analogy of the soul

Answer 3

Charioteer and two hours - reason guiding appetite and spirit

Question 4

For Plato is the soul indivisible or divisible?

Answer 4

Indivisible

Question 5

For Aristotle what is the soul?

Answer 5

The form of the body

Question 6

Describe Aristotle’s Axe Example

Answer 6

If an axe was living the metal and wood would be its body and the soul would be its form (its ability to cut)

Question 7

Describe Aristotle’s Eye Example

Answer 7

If an eye were an animal then sight would be its soul. If it lost its ability to see it would cease to be an eye

Question 8

Describe the 3 types of soul for Aristotle

Answer 8

Rational (Humans) > Sensetitive (Animals) > Nutrative (Plants)

Question 9

For Aristotle do dead animals have a soul?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

GEM Anscombe’s Example

Answer 10

Pointing - an action with meaning

Question 11

What is substance dualism?

Answer 11

The body and soul are completely seperate

Question 12

For Descartes what is the seat of interation

Answer 12

Pineal Gland

Question 13

For Descartes what is the difference between the body and mind

Answer 13

The body is naturally divisible, the mind is not

Question 14

What are Ryle’s criticisms?

Answer 14

Ghost in the Machine - how can the non physical operate the physical?

Category Error - body and soul cannot be seperated like a pair of gloves, Cambridge university example

Question 15

What is materialism?

Answer 15

The idea that the mind can be fully explained by the physical

Question 16

What is self awareness for Dawkins?

Answer 16

Developed through evolution because it’s beneficial

Question 17

Soul One

Answer 17

Dawkins- “mystic jelly” - non physical tradiitional idea of the soul

Question 18

Soul Two

Answer 18

intellect/conciousness

Question 19

Identity Theory

Answer 19

Mental events can group into types. Types can then be correlated with brain events. Makes use of type token distinction

Question 20

UT Place

Answer 20

Mental events can be composed of other mental events

Question 21

NASA

Answer 21

Senses on throat could detect words said silently to oneself

Question 22

Daniel Dennet

Answer 22

Myth of the Cartesian Theatre
Feels like I expereience the world looking out from my head
For Dennet there is no central place were conciousness happens

Question 23

Susan Blackmore

Answer 23

Supports Dennet, “Conciousness is a gradn delusion”

Question 24

Swinburne

Answer 24

Soul and body are distinct

Soul allows us to recognise goodness

Question 25

Keith Ward

Answer 25

Without a soul morality becomes a matter of personal taste