Teeth and digestion Flashcards
What do your teeth do?
When you chew, your teeth break down your food into smaller pieces, which makes it much easier for you to swallow.
How many teeth should an adult have (if they haven’t lost any)?
32
What shape are incisors and what are they used for?
They are chisel-shaped and are used for biting and cutting.
Which teeth are used for tearing and what shape are they?
Canines are very pointed for piercing and tearing.
Which teeth are at the back of your mouth and what are they used for?
The premolars and molars are located towards the back of your mouth and are used for chewing food.
How many ……… should you have?
a) molars
b) premolars
c) canines
d) incisors.
a) 12
b) 8
c) 4
d) 8
Learn the tooth diagram and the labels!!!
DON’T FORGET!!!
LEARN IT!!!
Digestion is…
Breaking down large molecules of food into smaller soluble molecules so that they can be absorbed from your small intestines into your blood.
What enzymes break down carbs?
Carbohydrase
What do carbs break down to?
First they breakdown to disaccharides and these then break down further into monosaccharides.
Give an example of carb, the carbohydrase needed to break it down and what it breaks down to.
Starch(Carbohydrate) —amylase–> Maltose(Disaccharide) —maltase–> Glucose(Monosaccharide).
Where is amylase made?
In the salivary glands, pancreas and the small intestines.
What are proteins broken into? What is the name of the enzymes that break down proteins?
Proteins are broken down by protease into amino acids.
Give an example of a protein, its protease and the amino acid it becomes.
Protein in the stomach —pepsin–> polypeptides the amino acids.
Where is pepsin found?
Only in the stomach
What are the enzymes needed to break down fats and what do fats break down into?
Fats —lipase–> Fatty acid + glycelo
Where are lipases made?
In the pancreas and the small intestine.
What does the oesophagus do and what is it?
A long thin tube that connects the mouth with the stomach. Circular muscles contract and squeeze food along by peristalsis.
What is does the stomach do?
It produces hydrochloric acid to remove bacteria from the food and create the right pH for enzymes to work, it also makes protease to break down protein.
What does the liver do?
The liver filters blood coming from the digestive system. It also produces bile which emulsifies fats from large molecules into small molecules.
What does the pancreas do?
It makes pancreatic juice which contains carbohydrase, protease and lipase to help break down the food.
What does the gall bladder do?
It stores bile that is produced in the liver.
What do the small intestines do?
The
What do the large intestines do?
It absorbs water.
