Teeth and digestion

Question 1

What do your teeth do?

Answer 1

When you chew, your teeth break down your food into smaller pieces, which makes it much easier for you to swallow.

Question 2

How many teeth should an adult have (if they haven’t lost any)?

Answer 2

32

Question 3

What shape are incisors and what are they used for?

Answer 3

They are chisel-shaped and are used for biting and cutting.

Question 4

Which teeth are used for tearing and what shape are they?

Answer 4

Canines are very pointed for piercing and tearing.

Question 5

Which teeth are at the back of your mouth and what are they used for?

Answer 5

The premolars and molars are located towards the back of your mouth and are used for chewing food.

Question 6

How many ……… should you have?

a) molars
b) premolars
c) canines
d) incisors.

Answer 6

a) 12
b) 8
c) 4
d) 8

Question 7

Learn the tooth diagram and the labels!!!

Answer 7

DON’T FORGET!!!

LEARN IT!!!

Question 8

Digestion is…

Answer 8

Breaking down large molecules of food into smaller soluble molecules so that they can be absorbed from your small intestines into your blood.

Question 9

What enzymes break down carbs?

Answer 9

Carbohydrase

Question 10

What do carbs break down to?

Answer 10

First they breakdown to disaccharides and these then break down further into monosaccharides.

Question 11

Give an example of carb, the carbohydrase needed to break it down and what it breaks down to.

Answer 11

Starch(Carbohydrate) —amylase–> Maltose(Disaccharide) —maltase–> Glucose(Monosaccharide).

Question 12

Where is amylase made?

Answer 12

In the salivary glands, pancreas and the small intestines.

Question 13

What are proteins broken into? What is the name of the enzymes that break down proteins?

Answer 13

Proteins are broken down by protease into amino acids.

Question 14

Give an example of a protein, its protease and the amino acid it becomes.

Answer 14

Protein in the stomach —pepsin–> polypeptides the amino acids.

Question 15

Where is pepsin found?

Answer 15

Only in the stomach

Question 16

What are the enzymes needed to break down fats and what do fats break down into?

Answer 16

Fats —lipase–> Fatty acid + glycelo

Question 17

Where are lipases made?

Answer 17

In the pancreas and the small intestine.

Question 18

What does the oesophagus do and what is it?

Answer 18

A long thin tube that connects the mouth with the stomach. Circular muscles contract and squeeze food along by peristalsis.

Question 19

What is does the stomach do?

Answer 19

It produces hydrochloric acid to remove bacteria from the food and create the right pH for enzymes to work, it also makes protease to break down protein.

Question 20

What does the liver do?

Answer 20

The liver filters blood coming from the digestive system. It also produces bile which emulsifies fats from large molecules into small molecules.

Question 21

What does the pancreas do?

Answer 21

It makes pancreatic juice which contains carbohydrase, protease and lipase to help break down the food.

Question 22

What does the gall bladder do?

Answer 22

It stores bile that is produced in the liver.

Question 23

What do the small intestines do?

Answer 23

The

Question 24

What do the large intestines do?

Answer 24

It absorbs water.

Question 25

What does the appendix do?

Answer 25

It has no function in humans.

Question 26

What does the rectum do?

Answer 26

It stores faeces.

Question 27

What does the anus do?

Answer 27

It is the last part of the digestive system and is where the faeces leave the body.

Question 28

Learn the diagram of the digestive system with labels!

Answer 28

DON’T FORGET!!!

Question 29

What adaptations does the small intestine have that help with absorption?

Answer 29

Very thin walls to make diffusion faster
Very large surface area
A very good supply of blood

Question 30

What does bile do?

Answer 30

It emulsifies fat from large molecules to smaller molecules.

It creates the right pH for enzymes to work.

Question 31

Why do enzymes sometimes not work, or work better sometimes?

Answer 31

Enzymes don’t work after they have been ‘denatured’ (boiled). However, they work better in warm temperatures (but not so hot that they get denatured)

Question 32

Why can’t the energy from fibre be used by the human body?

Answer 32

We can’t digest fibre as our bodies don’t make the enzymes to digest it.

Question 33

What substances can be absorbed into the blood without being digested?

Answer 33

Vitamins and minerals.