Tectonics Case Study Stats Flashcards
How were left dead or missing after the 2010 Haiti earthquake?
316,000
Because of informal housing, how many people were vulnerable to collapsing buildings in Haiti, Port Au Prince?
2 million people
What was the focus of the Haiti earthquake?
13km (very shallow)
How close was Port au Prince to the epicentre?
24km
How many people died as a result of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake?
87000
How were the Chinese government able to respond quickly to the earthquake?
Humanitarian aid and construction
13,000 troops deployed and paratroopers in mountainous regions
What did shortcuts in building infrastructure lead to in China?
Collapse of rural buildings, an economic loss of 125.6 billion
What magnitude was the Tohoku earthquake in 2011?
Magnitude 9
What was a secondary impact of the earthquake in Tohoku, Japan?
A 15m high Tsunami
75% is the figure for what, in Japan?
Buildings constructed with earthquakes in mind
Why is the Philippines a multi hazard zone?
Has 18 active volcanoes
Coastal/ swamp areas prone to flooding
World’s busiest typhoon belt with 20 typhoons hitting per year on average
Tropical storms induce landslides, lahars and flooding
El Niño occurrences induce drought and impact agricultural production
How many people were killed in the Mount Pinatubo eruption in June 1991?
800 people killed.
An earthquake triggered the volcano to erupt
Where was the epicentre of the Boxing Day Tsunami?
Banda Aceh, Sumatra
Give an example of a lahar
Armero tragedy in 1985, 5 lahars from the Nevada del Luis volcano killed 20,000 in Colombia
Give an example of the devastation effects volcanic gas can have
1986 eruption of Lake Nyos, Cameroon, 1700 people suffocated
What are some key features of the Mount Merapi eruption in Indonesia, 2010?
353 deaths
350,000 evacuated
Forests and rice harvests destroyed by pyroclastic flows
Vast ash clouds
What measures were taken before the eruption of Mount Merapi?
Monitoring predicted eruption was likely
Evacuation schemes implemented within 20km of volcano
Many ignored the warnings - ‘spiritual guardians of the mountains’
Gorkha earthquake key features?
Magnitude 7.9
Rural villages completely destroyed (45000 houses damaged), landslides down steep mountain slopes and ice avalanches on Mount Everest
2.8 million displaced from Kathmandu, was an increase in trafficking of vulnerable children
Very soft sediment 600m deep in Kathmandu valley, amplifying seismic waves
Political turmoil hindered a relief effort
Neighbouring countries competed for influence over Nepal (Indonesia and India)
Gender discrimination in the receipt of aid
Reconstruction in Himalayan landscape was difficult and aid was slow arriving
