Tectonics Case Study Stats

Question 1

How were left dead or missing after the 2010 Haiti earthquake?

Answer 1

316,000

Question 2

Because of informal housing, how many people were vulnerable to collapsing buildings in Haiti, Port Au Prince?

Answer 2

2 million people

Question 3

What was the focus of the Haiti earthquake?

Answer 3

13km (very shallow)

Question 4

How close was Port au Prince to the epicentre?

Answer 4

24km

Question 5

How many people died as a result of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake?

Answer 5

87000

Question 6

How were the Chinese government able to respond quickly to the earthquake?

Answer 6

Humanitarian aid and construction

13,000 troops deployed and paratroopers in mountainous regions

Question 7

What did shortcuts in building infrastructure lead to in China?

Answer 7

Collapse of rural buildings, an economic loss of 125.6 billion

Question 8

What magnitude was the Tohoku earthquake in 2011?

Answer 8

Magnitude 9

Question 9

What was a secondary impact of the earthquake in Tohoku, Japan?

Answer 9

A 15m high Tsunami

Question 10

75% is the figure for what, in Japan?

Answer 10

Buildings constructed with earthquakes in mind

Question 11

Why is the Philippines a multi hazard zone?

Answer 11

Has 18 active volcanoes

Coastal/ swamp areas prone to flooding

World’s busiest typhoon belt with 20 typhoons hitting per year on average

Tropical storms induce landslides, lahars and flooding

El Niño occurrences induce drought and impact agricultural production

Question 12

How many people were killed in the Mount Pinatubo eruption in June 1991?

Answer 12

800 people killed.

An earthquake triggered the volcano to erupt

Question 13

Where was the epicentre of the Boxing Day Tsunami?

Answer 13

Banda Aceh, Sumatra

Question 14

Give an example of a lahar

Answer 14

Armero tragedy in 1985, 5 lahars from the Nevada del Luis volcano killed 20,000 in Colombia

Question 15

Give an example of the devastation effects volcanic gas can have

Answer 15

1986 eruption of Lake Nyos, Cameroon, 1700 people suffocated

Question 16

What are some key features of the Mount Merapi eruption in Indonesia, 2010?

Answer 16

353 deaths

350,000 evacuated

Forests and rice harvests destroyed by pyroclastic flows

Vast ash clouds

Question 17

What measures were taken before the eruption of Mount Merapi?

Answer 17

Monitoring predicted eruption was likely

Evacuation schemes implemented within 20km of volcano

Many ignored the warnings - ‘spiritual guardians of the mountains’

Question 18

Gorkha earthquake key features?

Answer 18

Magnitude 7.9

Rural villages completely destroyed (45000 houses damaged), landslides down steep mountain slopes and ice avalanches on Mount Everest

2.8 million displaced from Kathmandu, was an increase in trafficking of vulnerable children

Very soft sediment 600m deep in Kathmandu valley, amplifying seismic waves

Political turmoil hindered a relief effort
Neighbouring countries competed for influence over Nepal (Indonesia and India)

Gender discrimination in the receipt of aid

Reconstruction in Himalayan landscape was difficult and aid was slow arriving