Technology Flashcards
What do edge locations do?
Cache data to improve response times
Which services are the 6 relational database services?
Aurora
MariaDB
MySQL
Oracle
PostgreSQL
RDS
Which EC2 pricing option should be used for short-term, irregular workloads that should not be interrupted?
On-Demand
Where can you track the name of the user making changes in your account?
CloudTrail
What is the recommended storage option for running databases on an instance?
EBS
Where can you run containerised applications without managing servers or clusters?
- ECS (Elastic Container Service)
- Fargate (Serverless)
- EKS
What is Route 53 and what does it do?
A Domain Name System service.
- Registers domain names.
- Performs health checks on AWS resources.
- Allows DNS query resolution across the entire hybrid cloud.
Which services connect on-prem to AWS to build hybrid environments?
- Site-to-Site VPN
- Direct Connect
- Storage gateway
What is CloudFront?
A content delivery network providing global distribution of content with low latency due to use of edge locations and caching
What is Global Accelerator?
Sends traffic through the AWS global infrastructure, improving availability and latency of single-Region applications by rerouting.
Which migration service allows you to migrate databases to or within AWS over the internet?
AWS DMS
(Database Migration Service)
Which EC2 instance tenancy models allow you to bring your own licenses?
Dedicated instances and dedicated hosts
Which service allows resources in your VPC to access the internet?
Internet Gateway
Which networking and content delivery service makes content globally available with low latency?
CloudFront
What is Redshift?
An analytics service
A scalable data warehousing solution for exabyte scale data.
Improves speed and efficiency when querying (SQL).
It organises data for high performance based on user-specified distribution schemes.
Which service is best for storing data from monthly analyses on large amounts of sales activity, allows ranking the performance of different areas of the business, and allows use of visualisation tools to generate graphical representations of the data.
Redshift provides the best solution for performing queries based on a predefined set of dimensions
By default, are subnets within a VPC able to communicate with each other?
Yes
If a customer has bandwidth constraints and needs to transport exabyte-scale datasets from on-prem into AWS in a cost-effective and secure manner, what solution would they use?
Snowmobile. Multi-petabyte or exabyte-scale data
What does the Snow Family of services do?
Allows you to transfer large amounts of on-prem data to AWS using a physical device.
Which service can set a number range of EC2 instances to handle the load for your application?
AWS Auto Scaling has the ability to create new resources
How should you connect an on-prem database to an app running on EC2 instance in the AWS cloud quickly, privately, and securely?
Direct Connect - private, dedicated physical network connection from on-prem data centre to AWS.
What are some issues with using a VPN for connecting on-prem to the cloud?
Uses public internet, so can be unpredictable.
Data is encrypted but there can still be security concerns
Which service can migrate large amounts of data at a petabyte scale to AWS?
Snowball
What are some limitations of DMS?
(Database Migration Service)
Doesn’t support very large migrations.
All the data must be contained within a database.
Which service streams data in real time for a dashboard application?
AWS Kinesis
What is OpsWorks?
Allows you to use Chef or Puppet to automate the configuration of servers and deploy code
What is Application Discovery Service?
Gathers information about on-prem environment.
Considered a migration tool
Which S3 storage class should be used when an extra level of protection by geographic redundancy is not needed but rapid access to data is needed. The lowest cost with rapid access?
S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access
Which service allows you to keep a log of AWS Management Console actions and API calls?
AWS CloudTrail
What is CloudWatch?
A collection of services that help you monitor and observe your cloud resources.
Does CloudFront bring additional analytics to customer journeys on your e-commerce website?
No
What are the benefits of CloudFront to your e-commerce website?
Lower latency for customers (by caching static and dynamic content around the world)
Increased application availability (by using origin failover)
Protection against network and application layer attacks (via WAF and AWS Shield)
Which content fields does CloudTrail track when a user accesses the AWS Management Console?
Region and username
Which can be specified as a CloudFront origin?
S3 bucket, elastic load balancer, valid domain name
Which type of Elastic Load Balancer is recommended for flexible application management and supports HTTP and HTTPS/2 traffic?
Application Load Balancer.
Provides advanced request routing targeted at delivery of modern application architectures.
Which languages can be used to author CloudFormation templates?
JSON and YAML
Which AWS managed database service is compatible with MySQL?
Aurora
What are EC2 Spot instance types good for?
Applications that can randomly be interrupted
What are On-Demand instance types good for?
Applications that have unpredictable workloads that can’t be interrupted
Which service should be used to quickly launch a WordPress website with a low, predictable monthly fee?
Lightsail
What should be used for an application requiring a managed NoSQL database?
DynamoDB
Which AWS service can help 2 software systems communicate and ensure messages are not lost between them?
SQS
What is the difference between SQS and SNS?
SQS is a message queue service.
SNS is not a queuing system.
SQS is used by distributed applications to exchange messages through a polling model.
SNS allows apps to send time-critical messages (emails/texts) to multiple subscribers through a push mechanism.
SQS can be used to decouple sending and receiving components.
SQS provides extremely high message durability - messages not lost if software systems fail.
SNS may lose your messages if software systems fail.
If queries to a database are taking a long time, what can be implemented to store common queries and improve performance?
ElastiCache
What does ElastiCache do?
Helps alleviate database load for data accessed often.
Caches common queries
Which service can be used to trace user requests from end to end through an application developed, built, and deployed using AWS Developer Tools?
AWS X-Ray
What does AWS X-Ray do?
Provides an end-to-end view of requests as they travel through your application.
Shows a map of your application’s underlying components.
What type of service is Elastic Block Store?
A storage service
What type of service is Elastic Beanstalk?
A compute service (PaaS)
What does Elastic Beanstalk do?
Assists with deploying web apps and web services to AWS without worrying about the infrastructure
Monitors application health via a health dashboard
What does Elastic Load Balancing do?
Monitors the health of EC2 instances and routes the traffic to only instances in a healthy state.
What does Lambda do?
Allows you to run code without provisioning or managing servers.
Pay only for compute time you consume.
What does CloudFormation do?
Allows you to use programming languages/text files to model and provision resources.
Automated and secure.
What is the cheapest way to store data for up to 10 years that can be retrieved within 12 hours?
Glacier Deep Archive
Which service is a fully managed data warehouse solution?
Redshift
What is the best and most efficient way to implement a hybrid model that moves backups of on-prem data to the cloud?
Storage Gateway
What is the fastest and cheapest storage option for key-value pairs of users and their high scores?
DynamoDB
Describe DynamoDB
A fully managed NoSQL key-value and document database.
Scales automatically to massive workloads with fast performance.
How does a company ensure business continuity and no impact from capacity restraints in a given Region?
On-demand capacity reservation
Standard Reserved Instance (RI) with a capacity reservation
Convertible Reserved Instance (RI) with a capacity reservation
What is an On-Demand Capacity Reservation?
Reserves compute capacity for your EC2 instances for any duration
What is a Standard Reserved Instance?
A reservation of resources and capacity for either 1 or 3 years
What is a capacity reservation?
Offers assurance that the customer will be given preference if there is ever a capacity constraint within a Region
Which database types are compatible with Amazon Aurora?
MySQL and PostgreSQL
ElastiCache is an example of what type of AWS service?
Database.
What is ElastiCache
An in-memory cache service used to improve database performance.
Which of these provides fully managed storage for objects?
EBS
S3
RDS
EC2
S3
Which of the following is not a database service?
EBS
Neptune
Redshift
Aurora
EBS
What is EBS?
A storage service providing virtual hard disks (volumes) in the cloud.
It is block-based storage
What is Elastic MapReduce?
The industry-leading cloud big data solution for petabyte-scale data processing, interactive analytics, and machine learning
Which of the following are part of the AWS storage services category? What are the others?
S3
EFS
Redshift
Storage Gateway
RDS
S3
EFS
Storage Gateway
The others are database services
Which of the following statements are true of Amazon Aurora?
It can deliver up to five times the throughput of MySQL.
It is compatible with Oracle.
It is compatible with MariaDB.
It is an RDS database engine developed by Amazon.
It can deliver up to five times the throughput of MySQL.
It is an RDS database engine developed by Amazon.
How long after account activity does CloudTrail deliver log files?
Within 15 minutes
Are log files encrypted?
Yes - using S3 server-side encryption
How many Regions can a CloudTrail apply to?
Either one or all Regions
Is CloudTrail manually or automatically enabled when you create an AWS account?
Automatically
Which of the following are AWS Security, Identity, and Compliance services?
AWS Security Hub
AWS Secrets Manager
AWS Trusted Advisor
AWS Key Management Service
AWS Control Tower
AWS Security Hub
AWS Secrets Manager
AWS KMS
What type of service is AWS Control Tower?
Management and Governance services
What does AWS Security Hub do?
Provides a comprehensive view of:
* your security state within AWS
* your compliance with security standards and best practices
What does AWS Control Tower do?
Provides a single location to:
* set up new well-architected multi-account environment
* govern AWS workloads with rules for security, operations, and internal compliance
What does Kinesis Data Firehose do?
Captures, transforms, and loads data continuously into data stores
What does Kinesis Data Streams do?
Captures and stores streaming video and data
Give 4 use cases of Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose
Real-time analytics
Data lake feeding
Log data management
IoT data integration
What does Kinesis do?
Collects, processes, and analyses streaming data in real time
What are 4 use cases of DataSync??
Migration
Replication to low cost storage
Archiving
Hybrid/multi-cloud workflows
What type of data does DataSync support?
NFS, SMB, or object stores
On-prem, another cloud provider, or AWS storage
What does DataSync do?
Securely transfers TB of data to S3, EFS, FSx
What are 3 use cases of EMR?
Find patterns in genomic data
Identify preferences in click-stream data
Analyse application log data
