Technology Flashcards
1
Q
AWS Storage Gateway
A
Enables you to build hybrid cloud solutions by giving access to the Amazon S3 and Glacier environments from your on-premises network.
The gateway types are Amazon S3 File Gateway, Amazon FSx File Gateway, Tape Gateway, and Volume Gateway.
2
Q
Amazon Cloudwatch
A
A service that enables real-time monitoring of AWS resources such as EC2 instances, EBS volumes, load balancing, and RDS instances.
Features anomaly detection and billing alarms
3
Q
Cloudwatch Logs
A
Enables users to centralize logs from all their systems, applications, and AWS services in a single, highly scalable service
4
Q
Amazon Cloudtrail
A
Service that enables operational and risk auditing, governance, and compliance of an AWS account.
CloudTrail provides event history of account activity, including actions taken through the AWS Management Console, AWS Command Line Interface, and AWS SDKs and APIs.
5
Q
AWS Config
A
A fully managed service that provides resource inventory, configuration history, and configuration change notifications to use security and governance
6
Q
Cloudtrail Lakes
A
Links to external sources of data history
7
Q
Amazon CloudFront
A
Web service that speeds up distribution of your static and dynamic web content, such as .html, .css, .js, and image files, to your users. CloudFront delivers your content through a worldwide network of data centers called edge locations
8
Q
Amazon Machine Images (AMIs)
A
Templates of preconfigured EC2 instances to quickly launch new EC2s
9
Q
Elastic Computing Cloud (EC2)
A
Enables businesses to run applications on the public cloud by providing cloud-hosted virtual machines called “instances”. An EC2 instance is a virtual server that allows users to request and provision a computer server within the AWS cloud.
10
Q
Micro Instances
A
Low-cost insurance option, providing small amounts of CPU resources
Suited for low throughput applications like low traffic websites and bastion hosts
11
Q
General Purpose Instances
A
Best for balanced computing, memory, and network resources. Good for small to medium databases, catching fleets, and SAP background servers
12
Q
Compute-Optimized Instances
A
Highest performing power, good for webservers, distributed analytics, science/engineering applications
13
Q
GPU Instances
A
Best for 3D grahpics, rendering, and HPC
14
Q
FGPA Instances
A
Field-programmable data rays, best for genomics and financial computing
15
Q
Memory-Optimized Instances
A
Lowest cost per GB of RAM, good for databases and Microsoft SharePoint
16
Q
Storage-Optimized Instances
A
SSD backed storage, low latency / high IO, good for large scale NOSQL
17
Q
Tenancy
A
Underlying host of EC2 Instance (Physical Server)
18
Q
Persistent Storage
A
Attaching EBS volumes, data can unattach and reattach to other EC2 servers, and users can implement encryption / backup snapshots
19
Q
Ephemeral Storage
A
Temporary; EC2 Instances on local storage, physically attached rather than network attached
Data is lost if instance is terminated, but not if it is rebooted
20
Q
Elastic Container Service (ECS)
A
Lets you run docker-enabled applications across a cluster of EC2 instances
21
Q
Amazon Fargate
A
Enables ECS to run containers without having to manage provision instances / clusters for containers
22
Q
Docker
A
Software that automates installation / distribution of apps in living containers
23
Q
Container
A
Holds everything an app needs to run in a package (library code, tools, ect – not OS)
24
Q
EC2 Launch
A
Launching an EC2 from an AMI with more customization of instance types and the number of containers per cluister
25
Fargate Launch
Launching an EC2 with more automated setup, only specify CPU / memory
26
Cluster
Collection of dynamically scalable instances, can schedule / deploy containers inside
27
Elastic Container Registry (ECR)
Secure location to store and manage docker images
28
IAM Policies
Controls access to registry and images
29
Authorization Token
Authenticates docker client as an AWS user before accessing the registry, lasts 12 hours
30
Repository
Objects within the registry that group and secure different docker images
31
Resourced Based Policies
IAM permission policies that are attached to a resource, such as Amazon S3 buckets, Amazon SQS queues, VPC endpoints, and AWS Key Management Service encryption keys.3 They grant permissions to the principal that is specified in the policy and specify who or what can invoke an API from a resource to which the policy is attached
32
Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS)
Runs and scales the Kubernetes control plane across multiple AWS Availability Zones to ensure high availability
Uses worker nodes as on demand instances / includes software for containers
33
Elastic Beanstalk
Takes uploaded code and automatically deploys required resources within AWS (free)
34
AWS Lambda
Serverless compute services that run without ECF management, only pay when in use
Lambda functions invoke when triggered by event sources
35
Batch Computing
Dynamically provisions compute resources and optimizes the workload distribution based on the volume and specific resource requirements of the batch jobs submitted
Good for running tasks in parallel
36
Batch Jobs
Unit of work for batch that operate in states, scheduled in a queue
37
Job Definitions
Defined parameters for jobs to dictate how it will run (how many VCPUs / data volumes)
38
Amazon Lightsail
A virtual private server with less configuration, good for small scales at low cost point
39
Elastic Load Balancer (ELB)
Automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets, such as EC2 instances, containers, and IP addresses, in one or more Availability Zones (AZs) within an AWS Region
40
Application Load Balancer
Type of ELB with flexible features for HTTPS protocols, operating at the request level in the application layer
Selects a target based on the routing table rule, then uses round-robin distribution to select a node in the web server
41
Network Load Balancer
Type of ELB with high performance, operates at connection level in the network layer
42
Classic Load Balancer
Type of ELB for apps already on EC2, operates at both connection and request level
Uses round-robin load distribution for TCP listeners
43
Listeners
Routes connections in an ELB to a target group, minimum 1 required
44
Target Group
Group of resources ECB routes requests to
45
Rules
Determine which requests go where based on rule definiton
46
Health Checks
Contacts targets to ensure their activity, otherwise marked as unhealthy
47
Internal ELB
Only serves requests within the VPC
48
Internet-Facing ELB
Accessible via internet with a public DNS name, serving incoming requestrs before distributions
49
Autoscaling
Automatically increase / decrease EC2 Resources based on demand, can be grouped
50
Healthy Threshold
Number of instance responses to be considered healthy
Unhealthy threshold is the opposite
51
AWS Certificate Manager (ACM)
Provisions digital IDs for the server, such as SSL certs and X.509
52
Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)
Object-based storage, where data is stored inside S3 buckets in distinct units called objects instead of files
53
Life Cycles Rules
Determine when to move storage classes to the next stage
54
S3 Standard
S3 storage class great for frequent access, low latency, high throughput
55
S3 Intelligence Tiering (INT)
S3 Storage class that intelligentially moves buckets from S3-F to S3 IA after 30 days
56
S3 IA
S3 Storage Class meant for infrequent access, cheaper and 99.9% available
57
S3 Z-IA
S3 Storage class for infrequent access in only one AZ
58
S3 Glacier
S3 Storage class for cheap, cold storage that doesn't require instant access
59
S3 G_DA
S3 Storage class for cheapest data sotrage for long term but little access
60
Expediated Glacier Retrieval
Retrieve data from S3 Glacier in 1-5 minutes for under 250 MB
61
Standard Glacier Retrieval
Retrieve data from S3 Glacier in 3-5 hours for any size
62
Bulk Glacier Retrieval
Retrieve data from S3 Glacier in 5-12 hours for PBs of data
63
EC2 Instance Storage
Temporary storage on an EC2 instance (ephemeral), no additional cost than EC2 fee
High I/O speed, great for rapidly changing data or data that's replicated
64
Instance Store Volume
Temporary storage type on disks attached to host machine
65
Elastic Block Store (EBS)
Provides persistent, highly available block storage on EC2 instances
Can elastically resize and change its size when loading a snapshot
Available in only one AZ
Encryption remains on snapshots and AWS manages your keys
Not meant for temp storage, multi-instance access, or highly available data
66
EBS SSD
EBS type for smaller blocks or boot volumes
67
EBS HD
EBS type for large data
68
EBS gp2
EBS type that balances price / performance, recommended for most uses
69
EBS io1
EBS type with high performance for business apps and large database loads
70
EBS st1
EBS type with low-cost for frequent access
71
EBS sc1
EBS type with lowest cost for infrequent access
72
Elastic File Storage (EFS)
Encrypted file storage for use with both AWS cloud services and on-premises resources
Accessible in multiple AZs within 1 region
Great for sharing and files that scale to multiple instances
73
EFS Standard Storage Class
EFS for frequent access, charged monthly, uses life cycle management to convert to IA
74
EFS IA Class
EFS for infrequent access, cheaper but more latency, charged for each read / write
75
EFS General Purpose Performance Mode
Standard Throughput, 7k operations per second
76
EFS Max I/O Mode
Unlimited throughput and high I/O, more latency
77
EFS Bursting Throughput Mode
More Storage and throughput, gain credits to burst by not using data
78
EFS Provisioned Throughput Mode
Burst above credit limit for more charges
79
Amazon Snow Family
Hardware designed to transfer data from datacenter to cloud or vice-versa
80
AWS Snowcone
Light-weight portable machine for 8 TB of storage
81
AWS Snowball
Used for larger data transfers, clustered in 5-10 devices and up to 80 TBs
82
Storage Optimized Snowball
Snowball Compatible with S3 / EBS
83
Compute Optimized Snowball
Snowball ideal for edge computing in disconnected environments
84
Compute with GPU Snowball
Snowball for AI, video, and graphics needs
85
AWS Snowmobile
Transfers data on a truck for up to 100 PBs
86
OpsHub
Software installed to configure / manage data transfer in drag / drop interface
87
Edge Distribution
Series of edge locations, with details on how that content will be managed
88
AWS Cloud Formation
Enables users to model and manage infrastructure resources in an automated and secure manner, with templates for testing environments
Authored in JSON and YAML
89
AWS Personal Health Dashboard
Provides a personalized view of the performance and availability of AWS services, as well as alerts that are automatically triggered by changes in the health of those services. It also provides proactive notifications of scheduled activities, such as any changes to the infrastructure powering your resources
90
Relational (SQL) vs. Nonrelational (NoSQL)
SQL is optimized for storage, NoSQL is best for unstructured or semi-structured data
91
Amazon Document DB
NoSQL JSON document database that simplifies architecture with built-in security best practices, continuous backups, and native integrations with other AWS services
Designed for less development and scaling, making it easy to operate critical document workloads at virtually any scale without managing infrastructure
Works with MongoDB
92
Amazon Keyspaces
Database service that allows users to run their Cassandra workloads on AWS using the same Cassandra application code using a column family
93
Amazon Elasticache Memcached
Serves as an in-memory key-value cache or data store for Memcached assets.
This is what you’ll turn to when you need the simplest caching model, or looking to deploy large nodes with multiple cores and threads.
94
Amazon Elasticache Redis
Built on open-source Redis to run seamlessly with Redis clients — as a blazingly fast in-memory data store.
Capable of sub-millisecond latency, in a bid to support demanding applications.
95
Amazon Neptune
Purpose-built, high-performance graph database engine optimized for storing billions of relationships and querying the graph with milliseconds latency
96
Amazon Quantum Ledger (QLDB)
Fully managed ledger database service that provides a transparent, immutable, and cryptographically verifiable transaction log owned by a central trusted authority
97
Amazon OpenSearch
Open source, distributed search and analytics suite derived from Elasticsearch
98
Amazon Aurora
Fully managed relational database engine that is 5x faster than MySQL and PostgreSQL
99
DynamoDB
Serverless, key-value NoSQL database designed to run high-performance applications at any scale, fully managed by AWS
100
AWS Redshift
Warehouse tool to store and query large volumes of analytical data, and it can also be used for large-scale data migrations
101
Route 53
Highly available and scalable Domain Name System (DNS) service that connects user requests to internet applications running on AWS or on-premises
102
Global Accelerator
Specified end[pints for faster access to apps
2 IP addresses improve regional failover / high availability
103
Simple Queue Service (SQS)
Helps applications communicate easily over the same network, in a way that is simple and easy to manage and scal
104
Trusted Advisor
Continuously analyzes AWS accounts and provides recommendations to help users follow AWS best practices and AWS Well-Architected guidelines
Helps with cost optimization, performance, security, fault tolerance, and service limit
105
Eventbridge
Serverless, fully managed, and scalable event bus that enables integrations between AWS services, Software as a Service (SaaS), and your applications
106
Amazon Kinesis Data Streams
Managed, scalable, cloud-based service designed to process large-scale data streams from a multitude of services in real-time
107
Amazon Athena
Serverless interactive query service that enables users to analyze data stored in Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) using standard SQL
108
AWS Glue
The service can automatically find an enterprise's structured or unstructured data when it is stored within data lakes in S3, data warehouses in Amazon Redshift
109
SNS Fanout
Push notification messages to multiple endpoints in parallel
110
Amazon MQ
Message broker service for Apache ActiveMQ and RabbitMQ that enables software applications and components to communicate using various programming languages, operating systems, and formal messaging protocols
111
Amazon Kinesis Firehose
Loads a massive amount of streaming data into your Redshift data warehousing solution in near real time
112
AWS OpsWorks
Configuration management and orchestration service that enables you to provision resources such as servers both in the cloud and on-premises using Chef and Puppet.
113
AWS Patch Manager
Auto-patch EC2 instances and on-premise servers with security and application updates
114
Systems Manager Parameter Store (SSM)
Secured and managed key/value store that allows developers to store parameters, secrets, and configuration information in a structured way
115
AWS Systems Manager Incident Manager
Management console to track all your incidents and notify responders of the impact, identify data that can help with troubleshooting, and help you get services back up and running
116
AWS CloudHSM
Dedicated Hardware Security Module (HSM) that allows you to generate and manage your encryption keys in the cloud. You are provided with dedicated FIPS 140-2 Level 3 validated HSM device
117
Amazon Macie
Amazon Macie uses machine learning and pattern matching techniques to detect and alert on any sensitive data, such as personal identity information (PII), stored in S3
118
Amazon Cognito
Sets up identity and access control solutions for your web and mobile applications using standards such as OAuth 2.0, SAML 2.0, and OpenID Connect.
Can create user pools and identity pools.
Allows 3rd party authentication such as google or apple
119
AWS GuardDuty
Threat detection service that can analyze and detect malicious activity against your AWS accounts and application workloads. The service can detect the use of exposed credentials, any communication with malicious IP addresses and domains, as well as irregular activities carried out in your AWS account.
120
Amazon Detective
Finds the root cause of security issues by extracting time-based events such as logins, network traffic from Amazon VPC Flow Logs, and data ingested from GuardDuty findings
121
AWS Workspaces
End user computing service that enables you to deploy virtual Linux and Windows desktops in the cloud
122
AWS Artifact
Provides on-demand access to security and compliance reports from AWS and ISVs
123
AWS Cloud9
Amazon's IDE for programming for real-time collaborative function
124
SSL Acceleration
During SSL / TLS transactions, relieves overhead computation for a web server, by offloading some to the HSMs in AWS CloudHSM cluster
125
Amazon Rekognition
Platform that offers pre-trained and customizable computer vision capabilities to extract information and insights from images and videos
126
AWS CodeBuild
Compiles source code, runs unit tests, and produces artifacts that are ready to deploy. CodeBuild eliminates the need to provision, manage, and scale your own build servers
127
AWS CodeCommit
Source control service that hosts private Git repositories.
128
AWS CodeDeploy
Automates application deployments to Amazon EC2 instances and on-premises instances
129
AWS CodeStar
Quickly develop, build, and deploy applications on AWS. AWS CodeStar provides a unified user interface, enabling you to easily manage your software development activities in one place. With AWS CodeStar, you can set up your entire continuous delivery toolchain in minutes
130
Read Replicas
Provides enhanced performance and durability for Amazon RDS database (DB) instances. They make it easy to elastically scale out beyond the capacity constraints of a single DB instance for read-heavy database workloads. You can create one or more replicas of a given source DB Instance and serve high-volume application read traffic from multiple copies of your data, thereby increasing aggregate read throughput.
131
Amazon QuickSight
Insightful business intelligence reporting with creative graphical displays and interactive dashboards
132
Right-Sizing
Cost optimization solution that analyzes data over a period of time to determine and recommend the right EC2 Instance for your workload
133
AWS Direct Connect
Shortest path to your AWS resources. While in transit, your network traffic remains on the AWS global network and never touches the public internet. This reduces the chance of hitting bottlenecks or unexpected increases in latency
134
AWS X-Ray
Analyze and debug production and distributed applications to identify bottlenecks
End to end view of requests as they travel through an application
135
Disaster Recovery Downtime Order
Backup and Restore, Pilot Light, Warm Standby, Multi-Site
136
S3 Transfer Acceleration
Quickly upload photos into nearest edge location
137
Amazon EMR
Analyzes vast amounts of data using Hadoop clusters
138
AWS Bills
Historical costs over the last month if using a granular option
139
AWS Budgets
No graphical data, shows the status of user set budgets and forecasts estimated costs
140
AWS Reports
Gives an overview of costs and usage
141
Weighted Routing Policy
Use to route traffic to multiple resources in proportions that you specify. You can use weighted routing to create records in a private hosted zone.
142
Routing Policy
determines how Amazon Route 53 responds to queries
143
Simple Routing Policy
Use for a single resource that performs a given function for your domain, for example, a web server that serves content for the example.com website. You can use simple routing to create records in a private hosted zone.
144
Failover Routing Policy
Use when you want to configure active-passive failover. You can use failover routing to create records in a private hosted zone.
145
Geolocation Routing Policy
Use when you want to route traffic based on the location of your users. You can use geolocation routing to create records in a private hosted zone.
146
Geoproximity Routing Policy
Use when you want to route traffic based on the location of your resources and, optionally, shift traffic from resources in one location to resources in another
147
Latency Routing Policy
Use when you have resources in multiple AWS Regions and you want to route traffic to the region that provides the best latency. You can use latency routing to create records in a private hosted zone.
148
IP-Based Routing Policy
Use when you want to route traffic based on the location of your users, and have the IP addresses that the traffic originates from.
149
Multi-Value Routing Policy
Use when you want Route 53 to respond to DNS queries with up to eight healthy records selected at random. You can use multivalue answer routing to create records in a private hosted zone.
150
Relational Database Service (RDS)
SQL Database service that is resizable, with automated patches and backups, managed by AWS
151
AWS DataSync
Fully managed data transfer service with a built in retry mechanism
Integrated with CloudWatch and can copy data from servers and buckets
