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Cloud Practitioner > Cloud Concepts > Flashcards

Cloud Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Instance

A

Virtual Machine

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2
Q

Compute

A

Objects that process workload.
Physical servers in datacenters replace CPU and RAM of on-premise tools

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3
Q

Storage

A

Save / Store data, equivalent of a memory disk, NAS, or SAN

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4
Q

Database

A

Store structured data sets, equivalent of Oracle or MySQL

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5
Q

Network

A

Provide connectivity, equivalent of a router or firewall

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6
Q

3 Cloud Deployment Models

A

Public, Private, Hybrid

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7
Q

Public Deployment Model

A

Share public infrastructure for resources, requires internet.
Consumers won’t see hardware or know location of data, but can specify geographic region based on end user latency.
Cloud vendor provides physical hardware

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8
Q

Private Deployment Model

A

Company owns infrastructure, not a third party vendor.
Provides more control of data and security at the cost of capital expenditure and daily operational costs.
Still uses virtualization and cloud storage, but hardware is usually on premise

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9
Q

Hybrid Deployment Model

A

A mixture of on-premise and vendor technology.
Good for seasonal bursts of traffic or disaster recovery.
Requires a network link between private / public cloud.
Normally short term for testing and development or a transitional period from public to private

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10
Q

On-demand Resources

A

Resources are immediately available for allocation by making new instances

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11
Q

Up and Down Scalability

A

Rapidly adjust the power and performance of an instance as needed

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12
Q

In and Out Scalability

A

Rapidly adjust the number of instances supplying resources

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13
Q

Economy of Scale

A

Huge scale of resources allow cloud vendors to maintain lower resource costs for consumers

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14
Q

Flexibility and Elasticity

A

Consumer can choose the resource amount, how long they need it, and the scale

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15
Q

Growth

A

Easier to reach global customers with less economic and technological restraints

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16
Q

Utility Based Metering

A

Pay for what you need

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17
Q

Shared Infrastructure

A

Virtual hosts allow multiple tenants to run instances on the same hardware

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18
Q

Highly Available

A

Ensures durability and availability of data

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19
Q

Why is cloud computing more secure than private datacenters?

A

Cloud vendors must adhere to global compliance

20
Q

Shared Responsibility

A

Vendor provides high security standard for underlying infrastructure, and the network architect maintains security within the cloud

21
Q

Software as a Service (SaaS)

A

No software requirements to install, easy to use, and managed over the internet but with less control.
Delivering the application is widely accessible and distributable (Gmail)

22
Q

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

A

Access framework from the OS and above, better management and control than SaaS. Underlying architecture, host hardware, network components, and OS are managed by the vendor, great deployment option for developers

23
Q

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

A

High customization, architect your own portion of the cloud.
Segmented from other networks, deploy resources as needed.
Allows for configuring of instances and even OS types

24
Q

Common Use Cases of Cloud Computing

A

1) Migration of production services from on-premise to cloud
2) Seasonal increase of traffic (traffic bursting)
3) Backup / disaster recovery
4) Web Hosting
5) Test / Dev Environments
6) Proof of Concept
7) Big Data Management and Manipulation

25
Q

What components of cloud computing are the cloud vendor’s responsibility?

A

Correct certification and governance of security
Ensuring datacenter improvements
Mechanical and electrical infrastructure
Network infrastructure
VPC backend

26
Q

Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)

A

AWS’s VN, which can create different segments and dynamically configure routing and access control lists.

27
Q

Storage Area Network (SAN)

A

Dedicated, high-speed network that provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage

28
Q

Elastic Block Store (EBS)

A

Offers persistent block storage, can be added or removed from instances as needed

29
Q

What are reasons cloud computing is good for businesses that have reasonable data management already?

A

Innovation potential
Swift go-to market pushed products with instant development
Carbon footprint reduction
Remote access for outsourced architects, working globally, and reduced salary expenses
Minimize loss and corruption of data, minimizing risk
Collaboration and business agility means less time on infrastructure, more on services

30
Q

Availability Zones (AZ)

A

Multiple datacenters close together form an AZ, at least 2 to maintain high availability

31
Q

AWS Region

A

3-5 AZs linked together via low latency connection
Global regions allow compliance with data storage laws, but not all AWS services are available at every region
Even distribution of resources in a region means all data from a consumer may not be in the same AZ

32
Q

Edge Locations

A

Deployed in major cities, more edges than AZs
Don’t deploy infrastructure but cache data and reduce latency

33
Q

Regional Edge Cache

A

Larger cache-width then individual edge locations, when data expires at the edge it’s moved to regional edges for future access at higher latency

34
Q

Migration Evaluator / TSO

A

A tool for developing business cases and planning migration to the cloud

35
Q

AWS Pricing Calculator

A

Creates a cost estimate for AWS services based on your uses cases
Models your solutions before building them, explores the price points and calculations behind your estimate, and finds the available instance types and contract terms that meet your needs

36
Q

Upgrading SAS Software Policy

A

SAS allows all customers who are upgrading to a new production release to run two parallel copies of the licensed software (the old release and the new release) for 180 days (6 months) at no additional charge

37
Q

Testing New Hardware Policy

A

SAS allows 30 days of free testing of new hardware or operating systems before upgrading

38
Q

Operational Expenses (OpEx)

A

Costs incurred by a business to perform its operational activities
They include rent and utilities, marketing, sales and accounting, and salaries

39
Q

Capiture Expenses (CapEx)

A

Money an organization or corporate entity spends to buy, maintain, or improve its fixed assets, such as buildings, vehicles, equipment, or land

40
Q

Right-Sizing

A

The process of matching instance types and sizes to your workload performance and capacity requirements at the lowest possible cost

41
Q

Benefits of Automation

A

1) Rapid changes
2) Improved productivity
3) Repeatable configurations
4) Reproducible environments
5) Elasticity
6) Automatic scaling
7) Automated testing

42
Q

Cloud Architecture Design Principles

A

1) Design for failure
2) Decouple components versus monolithic architecture
3) Implement elasticity in the cloud versus on-premises
4) Think parallel

43
Q

Design for Failure

A

Having automated processes in place for when a system fails, as well as having as much control as possible over how this failure occurs

44
Q

Decoupled Components

A

A decoupled system allows changes to be made to any one system without having an effect on any other system

45
Q

Implement Elasticity in the Cloud vs. On-Premises

A

This saves you costs on physical hardware and doesn’t give you set max and minimum processing power

46
Q

Think Parallel

A

Rather than debating topics, think in the same direction at the same time and allot time to discuss each category fully

47
Q

AWS Managed Services (AMS)

A

Leverages standard AWS services and offer guidance and execution of operational best practices with specialized automations, skills, and experience that are contextual to your environment and applications

Cloud Practitioner (4 decks)

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