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AWS Compute Cloud Practitioner 2022 > Technology > Flashcards

Technology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the EC2 pricing options? (5)

A
  • On-Demand
  • Spot
  • Reserved Instances
  • Dedicated Hosts
  • Savings Plans
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2
Q

EC2 pricing options: On-Demand

A

You pay by the hour or by the second without pre-paying

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3
Q

EC2 pricing options: - Spot:

A

spare capacity is available

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4
Q

EC2 Savings Plans commit to compute usage measured

A

per hour for a 1- or 3-year term

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5
Q

EC2 On-Demand is best used for applications that are (3)

A
  • Under development
  • Have Unpredictable workloads that CAN’T be interrupted
  • Workloads will not run longer than a year
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6
Q

EC2 Spot is best used for applications that have (3)

A
  • No concern for start or stop time of App
  • Workloads that Can be interrupted
  • The Cheapest EC2 Option
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7
Q

With EC2 Reserved Instances you pay for

A

1-3 years upfront to get max discount; however you pay regardless of usage

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8
Q

With EC2 Dedicate Host you bring your own server-bound

A

software license from vendors like Microsoft or Oracle

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9
Q

An ideal use case of the EC2 Savings Plan would be if you wanted to

A

lower your bill across multiple compute services

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10
Q

What are the 4 types of load balancers?

A
  • Classic Load Balancers
  • Application Load Balancers
  • Gateway Load Balancers
  • Network Load Balancers
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11
Q

A Network Load Balancer makes routing decisions at the

A

transport layer (TCP/SSL).

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12
Q

A Gateway Load Balancer operates at the

A

the network layer of the OSI Model

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13
Q

Real-world usage of EC2 instances would be to deploy a

A

database or a web application

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14
Q

Horizontal scaling vs. vertical scaling

Horizontal scaling: adds or replaces instances whereas Vertical scaling,

A

upgrades an existing instance

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15
Q

What are the benefits of Auto Scaling

A
  • Improves the availability of your applications by auto-increasing capacity as needed.
  • Not to be confused it with load balancing
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16
Q

What do you need in order to connect to an EC2 instance from your local machine?

A

A key pair is needed to access an EC2 instance from your local machine.

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17
Q

Lamda is a serverless compute service that falls into the

A

Function As A Service (FAAS) category.

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18
Q

In Lambda you can author an application code called

A

functions, using many popular languages like node.js, Java, Go, PowerShell, Python, and Ruby.

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19
Q

How does Lamda manage growth over time?

A

on-demand cloud computing that auto-scales to meet your requirements

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20
Q

What is the time out period on a single Lambda function?

A

Lambda functions have a 15-minute timeout.

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21
Q

EC2 biggest advantage would have to be that it can

A

scale up or down based on activity which saves on the operational cost of having more hardware on hand than required.

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22
Q

While there are similarities between EC2 and Lambda the difference between the two is

A

Lambda is event-driven and EC2 would be used for a more customized solution that goes beyond a single event.

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23
Q

Lambda you are only charged for the number of requests made and

A

their duration.

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24
Q

Lambda always free The free usage tier includes

A

1 million free requests each month.

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25
Q

S3 Standard Offers (4) main features

A

-low latency

  • high durability (11 9’s) across multiple Availability Zones
  • high availability 99.99%
  • high throughput
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26
Q

S3 Standard is great for applications that

A

need frequent access to data.

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27
Q

What are some real-world use cases for S3 Standard? (3)

A
  1. Online gaming
  2. Big data workloads
  3. SaaS products
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28
Q

With S3 Standard Security you can set security at the

A

bucket level or individual object level using Access control lists (ACLs)

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29
Q

You can use S3 access logs to

A

track the access to your buckets and objects

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30
Q

S3 Intelligent Tiering automatically monitors access patterns for objects and

A

dynamically moves objects that have not been accessed for 30 days from the frequent to the infrequent access tier.
- When an object is accessed again, it’s moved back to the frequent access timer.

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31
Q

With S3 Intelligent Tiering Users only pay a monitoring and automation fee, there’s no

A

cost for moving data between the two tiers.

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32
Q

S3 Intelligent Tiering 3 No’s Features

A
  • No lifecycle charges
  • No retrieval charges
  • No minimum storage duration
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33
Q

S3 Intelligent Tiering is for data that has

A

unknown or changing access patterns

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34
Q

S3 Standard Infrequent Access has the same high throughput performance as S3 Standard (T/F)?

A

True

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35
Q

The combination of low cost and high performance make S3 Standard-IA ideal for?

A
  1. Long-term storage
  2. Backups
  3. Dsaster recovery files
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36
Q

S3 Standard Infrequent Access supports SSL for data in

A

transit and encryption of data at rest

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37
Q

What is the main difference with S3 One Zone Infrequent Access and all the other tiers of S3?

A

S3 One Zone-IA stores data in a single AZ and costs 20% less than S3 Standard-IA.
Compared to the other S3 Storage Classes which store data in a minimum of 3 AZs

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38
Q

S3 One Zone Infrequent Access is best used for data that is less frequently utilized but requires (2)

A

rapid access when needed.
also a good choice for storing secondary backup copies

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39
Q

S3 One Zone-IA is ideal for customers who want a lower-cost option for infrequently accessed data but do not require

A

the availability and resilience of S3 Standard or S3 Standard Infrequent Access

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40
Q

S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval is ideal for archival data that needs immediate access such a

A

s medical images, or new media

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41
Q

S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval provides data with the same speed, durability, and availability as S3 Standard but

A

for a fraction of the price

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42
Q

S3 Glacier Flexible is ideal for backup and disaster recovery use cases when

A

large sets of data need to be retrieved in minutes, without concern for costs

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43
Q

S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval Features configurable retrieval times, from

A

from minutes to hours, with free bulk retrievals

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44
Q

S3 Glacier Deep Archive is Ideal for highly-regulated industries that need to retain data for

A

7-10 years or longer to meet regulatory compliance requirements.

Exp: Financial Services, Healthcare, and Public Sectors —

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45
Q

S3 Glacier Deep Archive retrieval time is within __ hours which makes it the ____ ____ storage class

A

-12 hours

Lowest costing

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46
Q

Elastic Block Store (EBS) is a storage device (called volume) that can be

A

attached to (or removed from) your instance EC2 instances

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47
Q

Elastic Block Store (EBS) is tied to how many AZ’s

A

one Availability Zone

48
Q

Elastic Block Store (EBS) can only be attached to

A

to one EC2 instance in the same AZ

49
Q

Why is EC2 Instance Store data volatile?

A

Storage is temporary since data loss occurs when the EC2 instance is stopped

50
Q

Elastic File System (EFS) is a serverless network file system for sharing files. EFS only supports

A

Linux file OS.
More expensive than EBS

51
Q

EFS ideal for Main directories for

A

business-critical apps

52
Q

Storage Gateway supports hybrid models. And is ideal for moving __________ to the cloud

A

backups

53
Q

CloudFront is a Content delivery network (CDN) that delivers data and applications globally with low latency.
It does this by using

A

edge locations to cache content

54
Q

Some security features of CloudFront are (2)

A

DDoS protection and geo-restriction based on location.

55
Q

CloudFront is often used with S3 to

A

deploy content globally.

56
Q

Global Accelerator sends your users through the AWS global network which provides

A

a 60% performance boost
That speeds up delivery while lowering latency

57
Q

VPC peering allows you to

A

connect 2 VPCs together.

58
Q

Internet gateway allows public traffic to the internet from the VPC It also performs network address translation (NAT) for

A

for instances that have been assigned public IPv4 addresses.

59
Q
  • Site-to-Site VPN is similar to Direct Connect, but data travels
A

over the public internet

60
Q

S3 Transfer Acceleration improves content uploads and downloads to

A

S3 buckets.

61
Q

S3 Transfer Acceleration enables the fast transfer of files

A
  • over long distances
62
Q

Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) is a service that makes it easy to

A

launch and manage relational databases but only works with relational databases.

63
Q

Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) supports the
following database engines:

A

Amazon Aurora, PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, Oracle Database, and SQL Server.

64
Q

DynamoDB is a fully managed

A

NoSQL key-value database.

65
Q

AWS Aurora is a relational database that only supports

A

MySQL and PostgreSQL that was created by AWS

66
Q

AWS Aurora features (3)

A
  • High availability
  • Durability
  • Scalabilty
67
Q

ElastiCache allows you to cache your data which enables higher application

A

scalability and reduces the operational burden.

68
Q

ElastiCache Use cases (3)

A
  • Chats
  • Gaming boards
  • Real-time transactions
69
Q

Neptune is a graph database that supports

A

highly connected datasets.

70
Q

Neptune Helps you create social media

A

graphs

71
Q

DocumentDB is a Document database that supports

A

MongoDB

72
Q

DocumentDB features (3)

A
  • Fully managed
  • Serverless
  • Non-relational
73
Q

Snow Cone is the Smallest member of data transport devices with

A

8 terabytes of usable storage

74
Q

Snow Cone is built for

A

edge computing and data storage outside of a data center.

75
Q

Snowcone can withstand a wide array of

A

harsh environments

76
Q
  • Snowmobile is the largest member of the transport family and supports
A

exabyte-scale data.

77
Q

DataSync transfers data online and can be used to replicate data

A

cross-Region or cross-account.

78
Q

Amazon Athena is an interactive ________ ________ that makes it easy to analyze data in Amazon S3 using standard SQL.

A

query service

79
Q

Athena is serverless, so there is no infrastructure to manage, and you only pay for

A

the queries that you run.

80
Q

Comprehend is a natural-language processing (NLP) service that finds

A

relationships in text.

81
Q

Comprehend could help process social media posts by

A

looking for keywords that show customer support or dissatisfaction

82
Q

Rekognition can help you identify

A

Custom labels in images and videos

83
Q

Cloud9 is an integrated development environment (IDE) that runs

A

inside a web browser

84
Q

Cloud9 comes prepackaged with programming languages like;

A

like JavaScript, Python, PHP, and 37 more

85
Q

CodeCommit Offers a service similar to

A

GitHub works with Git repositories.

86
Q

CodeCommit allows you to do what 3 things to your code

A
  • Commit
  • Branch
  • Merge code
87
Q

CodeDeploy allows you to deploy an application to servers

A

running on-premises and in the cloud.

88
Q

CodePipeline allows you to implement

A

a CI/CD pipeline

continuous integration, continuous delivery, and continuous deployment.

89
Q

Code Build allows you to

A

build and test your application source code.

90
Q

With Code Build you can run as many parallel streams of tests as needed, allowing you to

A

deploy your changes to production more quickly.

91
Q

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) allows you to write a script that allows you to deploy AWS resources

A

at the click of a button which saves time of not needing to recreate ever again

92
Q

CloudFormation creates templates

A

for resources you want to provision in the future

93
Q

Elastic Beanstalk automatically handles the deployment details of (3)

A
  1. Load balancing
  2. Auto-scaling
  3. Application health monitoring
94
Q

OpsWorks allows you to use Chef or Puppet to automate

A

the configuration of your servers and deploy code

95
Q

Simple Queue Service (SQS) is a message queuing service that allows you to

A

build loosely coupled systems.

96
Q

Simple Queue Service (SQS) Messages are processed in an

A

asynchronous manner (FIFO) First In First Out

97
Q

Simple Queue Service (SQS) features helps to improve

A

performance and scalability

98
Q

Simple Notification Service (SNS) works with CloudWatch when an alarm’s metric threshold is breached an

A

email is sent

99
Q

Simple Email Service (SES) allows you to send richly formatted

A

HTML emails from your applications.

100
Q

Simple Email Service (SES) allows you to send emails in bulk and gain

A

valuable insights about the effectiveness of your campaign.

101
Q

CloudWatch is a collection of services that helps you

A

track metrics, collect & monitor log files, operational health.

and set alarms.

102
Q

What are some questions you can answer using CloudWatch? (3)

A
  • Who signed in and made changes via the AWS Management Console?
  • What is the current load on this EC2 instance?
  • What is the root cause of this application error?
103
Q

AWS CloudTrail is a web service that records activity made on your account and

A

delivers log files to an Amazon S3 bucket.

104
Q

With CloudTrail you can troubleshoot events over the past 90 days using the event history log to find the specific

A

time an event occurred on a per-Region basis

-You can create a custom trail to extend past 90 day

105
Q

What is the difference with Cloudwatch and Cloudtrail?

A

CloudWatch is for performance monitoring (CloudTrail is for auditing).

106
Q

How are savings Plans and Reserved Instances different

A

Reserved Instances do not require you to commit to a consistent amount of compute usage over the duration of the contract.

107
Q

Which EC2 instance is best if you have corporate compliance requirements around the tenancy model

A

EC2 Dedicated Host

108
Q

-EC2 Dedicated Host is how much less than On-Demand EC2 Prices?

A

Up to 70% less

109
Q

EC2 On-Demand is low cost without any

A

upfront payment

110
Q

With EC2 Savings Plan You are not making a commitment to a dedicated Host instead you are

A

committing to compute usage

111
Q

Lambda then executes your code in response to

A

a predetermined trigger

112
Q

S3 is a regional service, but bucket names

A

must be globally unique.

113
Q

S3 Standard supports SSL for data in transit and

A

encryption of data at rest

114
Q

What AWS service supports the fast transfer speeds of the S3 accelerator over long distances?

A

CloudFront’s globally distributed edge locations

115
Q

Which service can you help you identify face and text detection in images and videos

A

Rekognition

AWS Compute Cloud Practitioner 2022 (10 decks)

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