Techniques: DNA

Question 1

DNA extraction is now what?

Answer 1

Kit based

Question 2

What does a nanodrop do?

Answer 2

Works out how much DNA you have by measuring nucleic acid quantity

Question 3

What does a PCR do?

Answer 3

Amplify small sections of DNA

Question 4

Steps of a PCR

Answer 4

1) Denature DNA by heating it up
2) Cool DNA down and anneal specific primers
3) Cool to DNA polymerases optimal temperature and let it bind
4) Cool DNA further and add nucleotides (Elongation)

Question 5

What does gel electrophoresis do?

Answer 5

Separates DNA/ RNA/ Protein

Question 6

How does gel electrophoresis work?

Answer 6

Gel has pores allowing -ve DNA to travel by mass to +ve anode

Question 7

Why do plasmid cloning?

Answer 7

Add target gene to plasmid so they can overexpress it

Question 8

Steps of plasmid cloning?

Answer 8

1) Digest plasmid with restriction enzyme
2) Add chosen gene to plasmid using DNA ligase

Question 9

What is Sanger Sequencing?

Answer 9

Similar to PCR but nucleotide’s have different colours so you can see on computer

Question 10

What is northern blotting?

Answer 10

Gel Electrophoresis but done with radioisotopes