Techniques and Application of Mol. Methods to Diagnosis. Lec 6

Question 1

Define sensitivity

Answer 1

Ability of a technique to detect very small amounts of target even in the presence of other molecules

Question 2

Define specificity

Answer 2

Test yields a positive result for the target molecule only

Question 3

Define simplicity in Molecular Diagnostics

Answer 3

To run efficiently and inexpensively on a routine basis

Question 4

CLIA stand for

Answer 4

Clinical laboratory improvement amendments

Question 5

FDA stands for

Answer 5

Food and Drug Administration

Question 6

CMS stands for

Answer 6

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Question 7

CAP stands for

Answer 7

College of American Pathology

Question 8

JCAHO stands for

Answer 8

Joint Commission on Accreditation of healthcare Organization

Question 9

COLA stands for

Answer 9

Premier clinical laboratory education, consultation, and accreditation organization

Question 10

Define accuracy

Answer 10

Degree of agreement between nucleic acid sequences derived from assay and a reference sequence

Question 11

Define Precision

Answer 11

High repeatability and reproducibility

Question 12

Define Repeatability

Answer 12

Degree to which the same sequence is derived in sequencing multiple reference samples many times over.

Question 13

Define Reproducibility

Answer 13

Degree to which the same sequence is derived when sequencing is performed by multiple operators and by more than one instrument

Question 14

Define analytical sensitivity

Answer 14

Likelihood that the assay will detect a sequence variation if present in the targeted genomic region

Question 15

Define Analytical specificity

Answer 15

The Probability that the assay will not detect a sequence variation, if none are present, in the targeted genomic region

Question 16

Define Diagnostic specificity

Answer 16

The probability that the assay will not detect a clinically relevant sequence variation, if none are present, in the targeted genomic region

Question 17

What are chemicals to lyze cells?

Answer 17

Detergent SDS, Tween 20, etc.

Question 18

How are enzymes used in isolating nucleic acids for molecular analysis?

Answer 18

Enzymes are used to degrade proteins, lipids, and other cellular molecules

Question 19

What are some methods to organically extract nucleic acids from lysed cells?

Answer 19

Use phenol-chloroform-Isoamyl alcohol

Question 20

What inorganic methods are used to extract nucleic acids from lysed cells?

Answer 20

-Salt precipitation,
-adsorption to silica surfaces/matrix columns,
-anion-exchange chromatography

Question 21

What method is used to assess the quality and quantity of nucleic acids extraction?

Answer 21

Spectrophotometry