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Spring-Ortho/Pedo > Technique > Flashcards

Technique Flashcards

1
Q

What three types of problems are caused by maloccluded teeth?

A

1-Psychosocial
2-Oral function (Speech, chewing etc)
3-Susceptibility to trauma, periodontal disease and tooth decay

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2
Q

Patients who are grossly disfigured cope social better or worse than those with a more minor disfigurement?

A

Better

*learn to expect a response and it is more consistent

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3
Q

What are the two types of occlusion?

A 
1-Physiologic occlusion (not ideal class I)
2-Pathologic occlusion (destruction)
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4
Q

Orthodontics can sometimes help patients with _____ but cannot be relied on to correct these problems

A

TMD

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5
Q

What are the 4 main groups of TMD problems?

A

1-Masticatory muscle disorder
2-TM joint disorder
3-Chronic mandibular hypomobility
4-Growth disorders

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6
Q

What are three main degenerative joint conditions that contribute to TMD?

A

1-Arthritic involvement
2-Disk displacement
3-Myofascial pain

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7
Q

Splint therapy can identify if what is the possible cause of the TMD?

A

Malocclusion

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8
Q

1 in 3 untreated Class II malocclusion children with experience what to their upper incisors?

A

Trauma

*lower incisor contact with palate can cause lingual bone loss

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9
Q

The scissor effect caused by crowding results in what?

A

Bone loss and periodontal issues

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10
Q

The first stage of permanent tooth eruption begins at age 6, what happens?

A

mandibular incisors erupt along with mand and max first molars

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11
Q

Age 8 is characterized by what?

A

Maxillary lateral incisors

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12
Q

Age 11 is characterized by what?

A

Mandibular canines, mand 1st premolars and max 1st premolars

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13
Q

Age 12 is characterized by what?

A

Remaning succedaneous teeth erupt (max canine, 2nd premolar and mand premolar) with 2nd molars

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14
Q

Age 15 is characterized by what?

A

Roots of all permanent teeth except 3rd molars are complete

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15
Q

Eruption of the tooth until it emerges is called?

A

Pre-emergent eruption

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16
Q

Eruption after the tooth has emerged is called?

A

Post-emergent eruption

*Juvenile and Adult

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17
Q

What two processes are necessary for pre-emergent tooth eruption?

A

1-Resorption of bone and primary tooth roots

2-Propulsive mechanism to move the tooth into occlusion

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18
Q

What eruptive defect is found in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia?

A

The ability to remove overlying structures

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19
Q

What is the rate limiting factor in premergent eruption?

A

Resorption of overlying bone

20
Q

What condition is usually asymmetrical and in which non-ankylosed teeth become anklyosed when orthodontic forces are applied?

A

Primary failure of eruption

21
Q

What time frame of the day is the critical period of eruption?

A

8 PM- 1 AM

*likely related to growth hormone cycles

22
Q

Soft tissue pressures are probably _____ than heavy pressures of occlusion in controlling eruption

A

More important

*light pressures of long duration are more important

23
Q

Teeth that are in function erupt at a rate ______ to the rate of vertical growth of the mandibular ramus

A

Parallels

24
Q

The total eruption path of a first permanent molar is about how long?

A

2.5 cm

25
Q

What are 3 treatment options for ankylosed teeth?

A

1-Extraction
2-Crowns
3-Surgery

26
Q

When is extraction of an ankylosed primary tooth recommended?

A

When it is below the height of contour of the adjacent teeth

27
Q

What may result if eruption cannot fully compensate for wear?

A

Vertical dimension of the face will decrease

28
Q

What is the result if the periodontal ligament is destroyed?

A

Ankylosis

*PDL is normally 0.5 mm

29
Q

What role does fluid play in the PDL?

A

it acts as a shock absorber and is rapidly expressed when pressure is maintained, allowing the PDL to be compressed against adjacent bone

30
Q

Tongue pressure is ____ than lip pressure on the mandibular incisors and _____ than the lip pressure on the maxillary incisors

A

Greater,

Less

31
Q

What is the Threshold for orthodontic force?

A

5-10 grams/square cm

32
Q

What appliance harnesses natural forces of the muscles surround lower teeth to broaden the dental arch?

A

Lip bumper

33
Q

What phenomena is a result of heavy load quickly displacing the tooth and bending the bone?

A

Piezoelectric current

*seems to stimulate regeneration and repair

34
Q

What happens to piezoelectric currents when the force is released?

A

The crystal returns to its original shape and the reverse flow of electrons is seen

35
Q

Ions in the fluids that bathe living bone interact with piezoelectic currents causing what?

A

volts and temperature changes

*called streaming potential

36
Q

Compression of the PDL limits blood flow resulting in the release of what?

A

Prostaglandins and interleukins which result in increased cAMP

37
Q

Too much pressure totally occludes blood vessels resulting in what?

A

sterile necrosis of PDL

*referred to as hyalinized

38
Q

After a few days of hyalinization, osteoclasts in adjacent marrow spaces do what?

A

Attack underside of the lamina dura. called Undermining resorption

39
Q

Frontal resorption takes place on the compression side of the tooth, what takes place on the tension side?

A

Bone formation

40
Q

A steady attack on the outer surface of lamina dura resulting in smooth continuous tooth movement is called what?

A

Frontal resorption

41
Q

A delay until the bone adjacent to the tooth can be removed resulting in jumping to new positions is called?

A

Undermining resorption

*this is the rate limiting step of tooth movement

42
Q

Most dental trauma occurs in what age range?

A

7-10 yrs old. TO the anterior incisor region

43
Q

What should be done with primary vs permanent avulsed teeth?

A

Primary- not be replanted

Permanent- require follow up over 2-3 years

44
Q

If the tooth has been out of the mouth less than 1 hour, what should you do?

A

Replant immediately

45
Q

If the tooth has been out of the mouth for more than an hour what should you do?

A
  • Soak in accepted dental fluoride for 20 minutes, rinse in saline and replant.
  • Manage the socket and soft tissues
46
Q

What is indicated in most cases of dental trauma to stabilize teeth?

A

Splinting for 7-10 days

*2-8 weeks if bony fractures are present

Spring-Ortho/Pedo (4 decks)

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