Tech Terms Flashcards
Firmware
Definition: a form of microcode or program embedded into hardware devices to help them operate effectively.
Works: By providing software instructions to control and manage the hardware to its intended functions.
Ex: Hardware like cameras, mobile phones, network cards, optical drives, printers, routers.
Important:
Firmware update: To maintain and improve device performance, security and compatibility overtime.
Certificates
- Self-signed certificate: created and signed by an organization or entity itself, less secure.
- CA-signed certificate/Signed certificate: issued and signed by a trusted third-party certificate authority (CA). The CA verifies the identity of the certificate requester and ensures that the certificate is valid and trustworthy.
Aspect Ratio
Definition: each aspect ratio uniquely impacts the visual composition of an image or video affecting how it frame crop and viewed on different screens.
Ex: it’s like a 16:9 for every 16 units of width the paper or screen has nine units of heights good for landscapes.
• if one one means kung anong size noong with ganun din ang height which leads to square.
Display Resolution
Definition: number of pixels (individual dots of color) that a screen can show typically express as width x height.
EX: 1920 x 1080 means the display has 1920 pixels horizontally and 1080 pixels vertically.
CLI (COMMAND LINE INTERFACE)
- text based interface for interacting with single commands.
- efficient for experience users scripting and resource limited systems.
- resource efficiency.
- scripting and automation.
- speed for experience users.
- does not require more memory.
GUI (Graphical User Interface)
- visual interface using graphical elements like windows and buttons.
- use your friendly intuitive for beginners and resource intensive.
- no need for command memorization
- suitable for task involving visualization and complex configurations.
Operating System
Definition: is a type of software that manages all the hardware resources associated with your desktop or laptop.
Works: the operating system manages the communication between your software and your hardware. Without the operating system, other software wouldn’t function. It’s like a middleman between the computer’s hardware and its software applications - it allows you to interact with the computer .without needing to understand how to speak the computer’s language.
EX: Windows, Mac OS, Linux for personal computer, Android for smartphone.
LAN/Ethernet port
Definition: The port allows your computer to connect to a local network (LAN) or the internet, using a wired connection. It’s a part of the hardware on a computer that allows it to communicate with other computers over a network.
Scaling
Definition: refers to the adjustment of the size of content on a display to fit the screen when the native resolution of the content (eg. game or video) doesn’t match the native resolution of this place killing is used to resize the content.
Importance: scaling prevents distortion are copying when displaying content on screens with different resolutions.
EX: if you have game design for resolution of 1920 x 1080 pixels but your monitor has a native resolution of 1366 x 768 the game might be scale to feed your screen.
Refresh Rate
Definition: number of times per second that a display refreshes or redraws the image, it is measured in hertz, higher refresh rate can result in smoother motion on the screen.
USB (Universal Serial Bus) and Types
Definition: standard for connecting and transferring data between devices.
- USB TYPE A - A connector that is commonly used on computers and chargers flat and rectangular shape. K/M.
- USB TYPE B - less common usb connector with square or trapezoid shape on printers and some larger devices. (ex. Longview TX)
- USB TYPE C - a versatile and reversible connector that can be plugged in either way common on modern devices laptops smartphones and tablet. (fast charging)
- Micro USB - a small compact connector commonly used for smartphones cameras and other portable devices used in legacy androids or not modern like cherry mobile.
- MINI USB - older smaller connector that was commonly used for devices like cameras and portable hard drives replaced by micro usb and usb type c. Camera from AUS.
USB Standard.
USB 1.1 - Up to 12Mbps.
USB 2.0 - maximum data transfer rate up to 480 Mbps.
USB 3.0 - up to 5gbps
USB 3.1 - up to 10gbps
USB 3.2 - up to 20gbps
Standard Video Adapter
Definition: a recommended video adapter that follows common industry standards like hdmi or display port.
EX: connecting a laptop with an hdmi output to a monitor with an hdmi input using a standard hdmi cable (hdmi output male to input female)
Non-Standard Video adapter
Definition: a not recommended video adapter that doesn’t follow common industry standards and may have unique or specific connections.
EX: using an hdmi to vga converter to connect a modern laptop (with hdmi output) to an older projector (VGA input) that doesn’t support modern video standards.
OSI Model (Open Systems Interconnection)
Definition: a conceptual framework to provide a clear and comprehensive way to understand and design networks.
- Physical layer.
- Data link layer.
- Network layer.
- Transport layer.
- Session layer.
6.Presentation layer - Application layer
Active and Passive adapters
(Non-Standard Video Adapters)
ACTIVE
Definition: actively converts one video format to another often using a cheap some may need external power.
EX: using an active hdmi to VGA adapter to connect a modern laptop (hdmi) to an older projector (vga).
Key point: actively manages and enhances signal for better compatibility crucial when dealing with different video standards.
PASSIVE
Definition: provides a direct connection between devices with actively converting the video signal, works well when devices share similar or compatible video.
EX: using a passive hdmi to dvi cable to connect a computer (hdmi) to a monitor with dvi input.
Key point: simple connection without the need for signal conversion suitable when both devices use compatible video standards.
POE (Power over Ethernet)
Definition: is a technology that delivers dc power to networking devices (such as ip phone, security cameras, wireless access points) over the copper wires in an ethernet cable which eliminates the need for a separate power cable.
- In order for power to be transferred through a cable it must be connected to a pse devices (like POE switch) if there is no p o e devices or a standard non poe devices we need to use a poe injector.
POE injector- converts a non-poe device to a poe device without replacing your existing equipment.
POE switch > Ethernet cable > IP phone
Non POE switch> POE injector > IP phone
Window saver password
Is a window that requires you to enter your password before you access the KVM switch interface, for security.
