Tech & Humanity Heidegger

Question 1

Was arguably one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century.

Mainly due to his beliefs against positivism for modernity and technological world domination which makes him largely quoted in the post-modern world.

Answer 1

Martin Heidegger

Question 2

Sixty years ago, Heidegger in his speech said “ Man would be victims of “radio and television”, “picture magazines” and “movies”; where MAN would be, and perhaps already are, “chained” to the imaginary world proposed by these mediums, and thus homeless in our own home:

True or False

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Etymology of Technology
2 greek words: which is?

Answer 3

Techne and Logos

Question 4

2 greek words of the Etymology of Technology

means art, skill, craft, or the way, or means by which a thing is gained.

Answer 4

Techne

Question 5

2 greek words of the Etymology of Technology

means word, the utterance by which inward thought is expressed, a saying, or an expression.

Answer 5

Logos

Question 6

According to Martin Heidegger,

Philosophical perspective ——-> Understanding technology is understanding it’s existence

True or False

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Two points of technology

instrumental definition or anthropoligical definition

technology is a means to an end; it is an “instrument” to meet our needs.

Answer 7

instrumental definition

Question 8

Two points of technology

instrumental definition or anthropoligical definition

Technology is a human activity.

Answer 8

anthropological definition

Question 9

In the process of reexamining the meaning, origin and
essence of technology, Heidegger introduce two types of
thinking essential in the understanding technology and its
existence:

What are the two types?

Answer 9

Meditative thinking
Calculative thinking

Question 10

Meditative thinking or Calculative thinking

This thinking is to notice, to observe, to ponder, to awaken an awareness of what is actually taking place around us and in us.

It requires effort, commitment, determination, care, practice.

Answer 10

Meditative thiking

Question 11

Meditative thinking or Calculative thinking

This thinking is to “calculates”, “plans”, “investigates”, sets goal and wants to obtain them.

“This thinking computes. It computes ever new, ever more promising and at the same time more economical possibilities.

________ thinking = “technological thinking”

Answer 11

Calculative thinking

Question 12

According to Heidegger

Technology itself is neither good nor bad, but the problem is, that technological thinking (calculative thinking) has become the only form of thinking.

Heidegger saw that the essence of technology nowadays is enframing – Ge-stell, which means that everything in nature is ‘standing-reserve’ (Bestand) —that is, a resource to be stored for later utility.

Take note, continue

Answer 12

.

Question 13

Heidegger classifies “modern technology” as “enframing”
[Gestell in German] is using technology to turn nature into a resource for efficient use.

Take note

Answer 13

.

Question 14

Standing reserve or Enframing

The human being becomes merely, what Heidegger calls, a ____________, waiting to be unlocked, transformed, stored, distributed, switched

Answer 14

standing reserve

Question 15

Standing reserve or Enframing

Man becomes regulated as a mere thing and instrument for efficiency, productivity, and functionality. Heidegger calls this as _________.

Answer 15

enframing

Question 16

Modern Technology

More complex machines, and manual-control tasks can mostly be automated.

• Ge stell – a danger
• Enframing
• Artificial ordering
• Views nature as a resource man can readily manipulate, an object of conquest.

Take note

Answer 16

challenging forth

Question 17

Traditional Technology

Practical use of knowledge for solving problems or inventing new tools.

• Bringing – forth, a saving power.
• From nothing to something.
• Concealment to unconcealment
• Natural ordering
• Views nature as an object of wonder,

Take note

Answer 17

Bringing forth

Question 18

Technology is Bringing forth

Heidegger classifies bringing forth into two

which is?

Answer 18

Bringing forth in it self (physis)
Bringing forth in another (poiesis)

Question 19

Physis or Poeisis

an occasioning from nothing to something, an emergence, it is a form of bringing-forth that is characterized in a kind of irruption that may find its paradigm in nature.

Answer 19

Physis

Question 20

Physis or Poiesis

a bringing-forth that is not a sudden emergence in itself, but it is an emergence that requires the play of the four causes, specifically the carpenter for the case of our wooden chair.

Answer 20

Poiesis

Question 21

Anthropological Perspective of Technology.

In Anthropology, technology is often studied in relationship to the natural environment that it was developed in.

Different cultures use technology in different ways

Take note

Answer 21

.

Question 22

Cultural relativism, Cultural evolution, or Cultural ecology

It also looks as culture as relative to the society which practices it.

This means each culture is unique and therefore should be analyzed based on its own context and not judged based on another culture’s context.

Answer 22

Cultural relativism

Question 23

Cultural relativism, Cultural evolution, or Cultural ecology

this is the idea that human cultural change––that is, changes in socially transmitted beliefs, knowledge, customs, skills, attitudes, languages, and so on.

Answer 23

Cultural Evolution

Question 24

Cultural relativism, Cultural evolution, or Cultural ecology

Is the study of human adaptations to social and physical environments. Human adaptation - to both biological & cultural processes that enable a population to survive and reproduce within a given or changing environment.

Answer 24

Cultural Ecology

Question 25

hint: system

____________ recognizes the interaction between people and technology in workplaces. Also refers to the interaction between society’s complex infrastructures and human behavior.

Answer 25

Sociotechnical System