Tech & Humanity Heidegger Flashcards
Was arguably one of the most influential philosophers of the 20th century.
Mainly due to his beliefs against positivism for modernity and technological world domination which makes him largely quoted in the post-modern world.
Martin Heidegger
Sixty years ago, Heidegger in his speech said “ Man would be victims of “radio and television”, “picture magazines” and “movies”; where MAN would be, and perhaps already are, “chained” to the imaginary world proposed by these mediums, and thus homeless in our own home:
True or False
True
Etymology of Technology
2 greek words: which is?
Techne and Logos
2 greek words of the Etymology of Technology
means art, skill, craft, or the way, or means by which a thing is gained.
Techne
2 greek words of the Etymology of Technology
means word, the utterance by which inward thought is expressed, a saying, or an expression.
Logos
According to Martin Heidegger,
Philosophical perspective ——-> Understanding technology is understanding it’s existence
True or False
True
Two points of technology
instrumental definition or anthropoligical definition
technology is a means to an end; it is an “instrument” to meet our needs.
instrumental definition
Two points of technology
instrumental definition or anthropoligical definition
Technology is a human activity.
anthropological definition
In the process of reexamining the meaning, origin and
essence of technology, Heidegger introduce two types of
thinking essential in the understanding technology and its
existence:
What are the two types?
Meditative thinking
Calculative thinking
Meditative thinking or Calculative thinking
This thinking is to notice, to observe, to ponder, to awaken an awareness of what is actually taking place around us and in us.
It requires effort, commitment, determination, care, practice.
Meditative thiking
Meditative thinking or Calculative thinking
This thinking is to “calculates”, “plans”, “investigates”, sets goal and wants to obtain them.
“This thinking computes. It computes ever new, ever more promising and at the same time more economical possibilities.
________ thinking = “technological thinking”
Calculative thinking
According to Heidegger
Technology itself is neither good nor bad, but the problem is, that technological thinking (calculative thinking) has become the only form of thinking.
Heidegger saw that the essence of technology nowadays is enframing – Ge-stell, which means that everything in nature is ‘standing-reserve’ (Bestand) —that is, a resource to be stored for later utility.
Take note, continue
.
Heidegger classifies “modern technology” as “enframing”
[Gestell in German] is using technology to turn nature into a resource for efficient use.
Take note
.
Standing reserve or Enframing
The human being becomes merely, what Heidegger calls, a ____________, waiting to be unlocked, transformed, stored, distributed, switched
standing reserve
Standing reserve or Enframing
Man becomes regulated as a mere thing and instrument for efficiency, productivity, and functionality. Heidegger calls this as _________.
enframing
Modern Technology
More complex machines, and manual-control tasks can mostly be automated.
- Ge stell – a danger
- Enframing
- Artificial ordering
- Views nature as a resource man can readily manipulate, an object of conquest.
Take note
challenging forth
Traditional Technology
Practical use of knowledge for solving problems or inventing new tools.
- Bringing – forth, a saving power.
- From nothing to something.
- Concealment to unconcealment
- Natural ordering
- Views nature as an object of wonder,
Take note
Bringing forth
Technology is Bringing forth
Heidegger classifies bringing forth into two
which is?
Bringing forth in it self (physis)
Bringing forth in another (poiesis)
Physis or Poeisis
an occasioning from nothing to something, an emergence, it is a form of bringing-forth that is characterized in a kind of irruption that may find its paradigm in nature.
Physis
Physis or Poiesis
a bringing-forth that is not a sudden emergence in itself, but it is an emergence that requires the play of the four causes, specifically the carpenter for the case of our wooden chair.
Poiesis
Anthropological Perspective of Technology.
In Anthropology, technology is often studied in relationship to the natural environment that it was developed in.
Different cultures use technology in different ways
Take note
.
Cultural relativism, Cultural evolution, or Cultural ecology
It also looks as culture as relative to the society which practices it.
This means each culture is unique and therefore should be analyzed based on its own context and not judged based on another culture’s context.
Cultural relativism
Cultural relativism, Cultural evolution, or Cultural ecology
this is the idea that human cultural change––that is, changes in socially transmitted beliefs, knowledge, customs, skills, attitudes, languages, and so on.
Cultural Evolution
Cultural relativism, Cultural evolution, or Cultural ecology
Is the study of human adaptations to social and physical environments. Human adaptation - to both biological & cultural processes that enable a population to survive and reproduce within a given or changing environment.
Cultural Ecology
hint: system
____________ recognizes the interaction between people and technology in workplaces. Also refers to the interaction between society’s complex infrastructures and human behavior.
Sociotechnical System
