Tech and Civ 2 Flashcards
What is industrialization
process by which an economy is transformed from primarily agricultural to one based on machinery
What is Time Space Compression
ability to move across distances faster changes our view on space and time
Def. of Inalienable
Can’t sell land in preindustrial world because your kids would have a tie to it as well. Very hard to separate from
Adoption Labor System
created trustworthy people that they could bring into their homes and become part of their family
What did 1st industrial revolution focus on
textiles, iron, steam power
What did 2nd industrial revolution focus on
railroads, steel, petroleum, chemicals, electricity
Why didn’t everyone go through industrial revolution at the same time and rate?
o Others were trying to imitate Britain but Britain kept to themselves and didn’t share their inventions.
o British exports invested in building their inventions around the world
o Britain took over the major raw materials making it hard for other countries to keep up
Enclosure Movement
the legal process in England of enclosing a number of small landholdings to create one larger farm. Once enclosed, use of the land became restricted to the owner, and it ceased to be common land for communal use
“Rocket” Steam Locomotive
made the steam engine small enough to move cars, helped with railways
“Morse” Telegraph
instant long-distance communication synchronization of market information
Standardization
the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments
Laissez-faire
economic system in which transactions are free from government intervention
Socialism
political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production and distribution should be owned by the community as a whole
Communism
political theory from Karl Marx advocated class was and leading to a society in which all property owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs
Karl Marx
Historical Materialism
Class conscience
Alienation
Palm Oil
lubricated the machinery of the 19th century industrial revolution
Imperialism
extending a countries or rulers power and influence through diplomacy or military force
New Imperialism Motives
Raw materials
New markets
Civilizing mission
New Imperialism Means
Quinine
Firearms
Gunboats
Missionaries
What did the world fair do
Introduced your city to the world, displayed the empire of the host nation, got peopled prepared for changes in society
Steel
o Highly skilled labor required to produce
o Production was controlled by the workers originally
o During late 1800s we see the rise of the steel factory and mass production
o At a massive scale it revolutionized finance, bookkeeping, and transportation
o Steel had national security implications so it revolutionized the relationship between business and government
o Because the future was all steel, all profits from it went back into expansion of production
o Cities and factories rose in places that steel was very abundant
o Steel companies started to become a mining company to have enough fuel for their steel production
o Modern world would be built by huge, powerful, multifaceted corporations, competing with one another to produce cheap products with cheap energy, they will become models for the corporate dominance of the modern age
o Competition between these mega corporations dropped the price of steel so dramatically that it became impossible for them to make money
o By 1876, 90% of the brainwork of metallurgy had been automated
o Shifted the power balance from factory labor to factory owners, remaining work was extremely dangerous and offered little pay
Fordism
Interchangeble parts
Continuous flow: conveyor belt
