Tech 201 Exam 3 Quizlet cards Flashcards
1
Q
Boethius
A
christian philosopher and often translated greek classics to latin (knew BOTH greek & latin)
2
Q
Lombards
A
made decline in italian society
3
Q
Gregory I
A
Shaped the medival catholic church- gregorian chant- conflict regarding reserection
4
Q
Charles Martel
A
(name meaning hammer) defended france from muslims- became Prime Minister
5
Q
Clovis
A
leader of Franks- united the Franks & started the Merovingian dynasty- first to accept catholicism
6
Q
Pepin the Short
A
New king of franks- overthrew the Merovingian dynasty to start the carolingian dynasty
7
Q
Charlemagne
A
Pepin’s son- 1st Holy Roman Emperor- pope crowned him
8
Q
louis the pious
A
Louis’ 3 sons divided the kingdom (the treaty of Verdun) =the birth of Europe
9
Q
Eutychius
A
patriarch of constantinople- debate with gregory on resurection
10
Q
Ambrosius
A
thought to be King Arthur- celtic christian king-
11
Q
Alfred the Great
A
Anglo-saxon ruler after Ambrosius’ death
12
Q
Otto the Great
A
Second holy Emperor ( 2 t’s in his name)- United lords in Germany and Italy
13
Q
Hugh Capet
A
Elected king of france- Capetian Dynasty is named after him
14
Q
Henry IV
A
Asserted Emperor’s right to name Bishops- Excommunicated by Pope Gregory I- Named a new pope (called an anti-pope)clergy was on the popes side
15
Q
Pope Gregory I
A
Exiled by Henry IV.nobility was on clergys side
16
Q
Edward the Confessor
A
Last true Anglo-Saxon King- no heir took a vow of celibacy
17
Q
William the Conquerer
A
named king by edward- fought with Harold to become king- led to battle of hastings where William was able to conquer rest of England- created Doomsday book
18
Q
Doomsday book
A
population census and tax list that also recorded all possessions in the country including animals and machinery
19
Q
Henry I
A
Named Matilda (his daughter) as heirRuled both kingdoms (normandy & england)
20
Q
Henry II
A
Created English common Law- was given throne by his mom Matilda
21
Q
Matilda
A
tried to claim english and norman thrones- was named heir by father henry I
22
Q
John I
A
Lost English territories in Normandy- forced to sign magna carta (limiting powers of king)
23
Q
Magna Carta
A
A bill of rights guaranteeing certain rights to English nobility and limiting the power of English monarchs
24
Q
The Crusades
A
A cooperation between church and state- The pope called for a Holy War to recapture the Holy Land.
25
Saladin
Retook all of the Holy Land- Signed a truce with Richard after 3rd Crusade
26
Genghis Khan
Controlled basically all of Asia for 100 years- great leader
27
Kublai Khan
Gengis's grandsonUsed Marco Polo as an emissary
28
Marco Polo
became advisor and ambassador for Khans government- wrote travels while in prison
29
Guido D'Arezzo
Guido ('guide' to music) developed formal music notation (staccato- forte- meso forte- etc).
30
Organum
Plainchant with two melodies
31
Giotto
Painter- famous for 'Lamentation.' Revolutionized world of art with his portrayal of Depth perception in his art
32
Courtly Love
Code of proper behavior for Knights- Lords- Ladies- etc.
33
Dante Alighieri
Wrote 'Divine Comedy-' wrote love poems to his love Beatrice- Dante's Inferno.
34
Chaucer
Wrote Canterbury Tales- one of first/most famous writer to use Middle English.
35
Fibonacci (Leonardo Pisano)
responsible for change in number system from Roman numerals to Arabic system (we use today)
36
Lay Investiture
The right to name bishops
37
Henry V
English King during 100yr war- gave St. Crispin's speech
38
Gutenberg
invented the printing press
39
Henry the Navigator
Developed the caravel
40
Bartholomew Diaz
Found the tip of South Africa
41
Vasco de Gama
Discovered route to India around South Africa
42
Pizarro
Defeated the Incas (same way as Cortes)
43
Maimonides
Jewish scholars of the Middle Ages
44
Saint Dominic
Spaniard- saw problems associated with Benedictine wealth. Organized a group of like-minded men who took vows of obedience- poverty- and chastity. Begged for their sustenance.
45
Inquisition
Rooting out of heresy and dissent
46
Spanish Inquisition
an effort to expose and eliminate those who were Muslims who feigned conversion to Christianity but- in reality- harbored Muslim beliefs.
47
Fez
University started in Morocco- oldest university in the world
48
Trivium
subjects about the structure and expression of knowledge included studies of rhetoric- logic- and grammar.
49
Quadrivium
for those who would continue their studies by following a curriculum of arithmetic- geometry- astronomy- and music. - These graduates were awarded a Master of Arts degree.
50
Bernard of Clairvaux
Famous monk who wrote the most famous set of Glossings
51
Peter Abelard
the originator and strongest proponent of early scholasticism. secretly married Heloise- then was castrated
52
Thomas Aquinas
Flying Cow- Wanted to be a Dominican- Parents imprisoned him- and hired a prostitute for him which he rejected- Memorized the bible while in Prison- Wrote Summa Theologica
53
Albertus Magnus
a great monk and teacher. He was the first medieval thinker to make a distinction between knowledge derived from science and knowledge derived from God.
54
'High' Middle Ages
used to describe the period from 1200 A.D. to the beginning of the Renaissance. The new style is called gothic but can also be called the 'expression of height and light.'
55
Great Chain of Being
A model in which every individual was linked to every other individual in a social network.
56
Feudalism
government system that accompanied the great Chain of Being and the Three Estates.
57
Great Schism
A time period when two popes were elected by legitimate cardinals in Rome and in Avignon. The two popes excommunicated each other and set to form their own college of cardinals.
58
Alexander VI
A Borgia pope who was elected prior to the reunification of the church. He had many mistresses and even bore children from his own illegitimate daughter-- Lucrezia Borgia.
59
Hundred Years War
Between England and France-over the ownership of lands and the right to the French throne.
60
Gupta Empire
An emerging kingdom in the fourth century to dominate most of northern India. This kingdom was led by very powerful military leaders. Able to have a period of peace that gave them a golden age.
61
Muslim Umayyads
outside monarchs conquered much of India but they were replaced in the eleventh century by Abassyid Muslims.
62
Abassyid Muslims
replaced the Muslim Umayyads in the 11th century. They made Delhi their Indian capital.
63
Delhi Sultanate
A period of Abassyid Muslim rule. There was a large conversion of native Indians to Islam. Many very large Hindu temples and gothic cathedrals were built.
64
Shah Jehan
Built a tomb for his wife (the Taj Mahal)
65
Qin Dynasty
from which China got its name- the Chinese dynasty (from 246 BC to 206 BC) that established the first centralized imperial government and built much of the Great Wall
66
Han Dynasty
Name of the largest ethnic group in China. - Imperial dynasty that ruled China (most of the time) from 206 BC to 221 and expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy
67
Tang Dynasty
Brought creativity back to life in China
68
Wu Zeitan
the only female head of state in China's history. Was educated in the arts and had a very sharp mind.
69
Song Dynasty
followed the collapse of the Tang Dynasty. Installed a system of beuracrats.
70
Li
known as the 'investigation of things' and is an attempt to discover the patterns of the world.
71
Yuan Dynasty
Dynasty in China set up by the Mongols under the leadership of Kublai Khan- replaced the Song (1279-1368)
72
Ming Dynasty
A major dynasty that ruled China from the mid-fourteenth to the mid-seventeenth century. It was marked by a great expansion of Chinese commerce into East Africa- the Middle East- and Southeast Asia
73
Qing Dynasty
the last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries
74
Shinto
the ancient belief in gods of nature and ancestral worship that dominates Japanese culture until today.
75
Heian Period
The era in Japanese history from A.D. 794-1185- arts and writing flourished during this time
76
Olmecs
were the first great civilization of the Americas- based in fertile valleys of south eastern mexico.
77
Mayans
developed about the time that the Olmecs were disappearing and characterized by many seemingly isolated cities- each with temple pyramids and numerous houses.
78
Toltecs
conquered the Teotihuacan society and were then conquered by the Aztecs.
79
Aztecs
Engaged in frequent warfare to conquer others of the region. Worshipped many gods (polytheistic). Believed the sun god needed human blood to continue his journeys across the sky. Practiced human sacrifices and those sacrificed were captured warriors from other tribes and those who volunteered for the honor.
80
Incas
were just as sophisticated and ruthless as the Aztecs. Left several interesting markings on the land.
81
Monteztuma
was the fifth Aztec emperor. During his reign the Aztec Empire was consolidated- major expansion was undertaken and Tenochtitlan started becoming the dominant partner of the Aztec Triple Alliance.
82
Santiago de Compostela
1) Burial site of St. James2) Most popular pilgrimage site
83
Canterbury
1) Thoma a Becket's burial place
84
Lourdes- France
1) Site of miracles
85
Czetochowa- Poland
1) Famous for visions
86
Lateran Councils
1) General goal was to separate church from secular influences2) Held in the Lateran palace of Rome
87
Maimonides
1) Jewish scholar from the Middle Ages
88
abbots
1) Heads of monasteries2) During the Middle Ages- began to focus on worldly matters more than spiritual ones
89
St. Francis of Assisi
1) Loved all creatures of the world- inspiring him to write 'All Creatures of Our God and King.'2) His simple lifestyle attracted followers known as the Franciscans
90
Franciscans
1) Encouraged by St. Francis to enter towns and serve others2) Called 'little brothers' by St. Francis of Assissi*They- along with the Dominicans were a mendicant ('begging') order
91
Saint Dominic
1) Followers named the Dominicans2) His order strongly emphasized education; as a result- many of the monks who followed him became scholars and teachers
92
Inquisition
1) A court organized by the church who was in charge of ruling out incorrect beliefs (heresy)
93
Spanish Inquisition
1) Its purpose was to eliminate Muslims who faked conversion to Christianity
94
Fray Tomas Torquemada
1) Organized the Spanish Inquisition
95
Peter Abelard
1) Felt it was possible to to arrive at truth through the use of logic and reason.2) Became romantically involved with one of his students- Heloise. She also happened to be the niece of a high church official.
96
University of Paris
1) Famous for its school of theology2) Lost most of its funding- so had to turn to wealthy patrons like Robert de Sorbon for survival
97
University of Bologna
1) University that was owned by the students. They were in charge of hiring professors to come and teach them.
98
Latin Quarter
1) Name for the university section of Paris.2) The students who lived and studied there were taught in Latin.
99
glossing
1) A variation on the traditional monastic learning where the instructor would expound on a word or phrase.
