Teat lesions Flashcards
What causes teat warts?
Bovine papilloma virus
What age animals are seen to have teat warts (Bovine papilloma virus)?
Young animals
What may be involved with transmission of teat warts?
Flies
What are the consequences of teat warts (bovine papilloma virus)?
Harbouring bacteria - predisposition to mastitis
Pain - milking/sucking more difficult
Poor liner attachment
What is the treatment for teat warts (bovine papilloma virus)?
Improve fly control
Most self-resolve
Can remove with surgery, ligation or cryotherapy
(Autogenous vaccine if severe cases)
Pseudocow pox causes teat lesions that are circular or horseshoe shaped scabs. What virus causes this? Are they painful?
Parapox virus
Not painful
Pseudocow pox is an infectious teat lesion. How can they be treated/prevented?
Good milking hygiene - teat dipping
Bovine herpes mammalitis is caused by which virus? Is it painful?
BHV-2
Yes very painful!
Bovine herpes mammalitis is rare and healing is slow, although cows develop lifelong immunity. How can it be controlled if in the herd?
Milk affected cows last
Acyclovir use?
What causes cowpox? How is it transmitted?
Orthopox virus
Transmitted by cats
What teat lesion is caused by damage to teat end plus secondary infection with Fusobacterium necrophorum?
Blackspot
How is Blackspot treated/prevented?
Teat cannula
Topical antibiotics
Check milking machine for causes of teat damage
Udder or teat impetigo is usually caused by which pathogen? How is it controlled?
Staph aureus
Teat dipping, antiseptic creams
Skin photosensitisation and sunburn affects what type of skin?
Non-pigmented
How is skin photosensitisation and sunburn treated?
Supportive care - NSAIDs
Move indoors
Suncream
What can cause chapped teats?
Worn teat liners
Poor teat skin care
Calf suckling
Chapped teats are painful. How are they treated?
Emollients
Teat cannulas
What causes hyperkeratosis? Why is it an issue?
Teat damage - over milking, poor preparation, faulty l liners etc
Increases risk of mastitis
What are teat peas?
Pedunculated granuloma attached to teat canal wall
Blocks milk flow
When removing teat peas, what should always be given before? How can they be removed?
Prophylactic Abs to prevent mastitis
Remove surgically or with Hudson’s spiral/mosquito forceps
Teat stenosis is usually a sequelae to trauma. How are they treated?
Insert small teat knife into teat and rotate
Sedation + antibiotics
(May recur)
Cows with blind teats may or may not have milk in the teat canal. How are blind teats treated?
If milk in canal, treat as for teat peas
If no milk in canal, cannot open so leave
When examining a cow with a teat lesion/injury, what sedative should they be given?
Xylazine
Can cast cow if needed
How should superficial and deeper teat cuts be treated? Should you give antibiotics?
Superficial - use tape or glue (do not suture)
Deep - suture with local anaesthesia, suture or staple/glue
Always give prophylactic Abs!
Teat cannula to allow milk to drain
What local anaesthesia blocks can be used for teat surgery?
Ring block around teat base
Teat lumen block
Supernumerary teats are common and often inherited. How are they removed?
Without anaesthetic using scissors if <2 months
In older animals, use local and emasculators or surgical removal
