teas chemistry

Question 1

What does an atom consist of

Answer 1

Nucleus and electrons

Question 2

What does the nucleus consists of

Answer 2

Protons and neutrons

Question 3

Atomic radius

Answer 3

Average distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron

Question 4

atomic radius decreases moving from

Answer 4

left to right due to increasing number of protons

Question 4

atomic radius increases as

Answer 4

you move down a group due to increasing number of electron shells

Question 5

Atomic number

Answer 5

Number of protons
- atoms with a neutral charge have an atomic number that’s equal to the number of electrons

Question 6

Atomic mass

Answer 6

Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 7

Isotope

Answer 7

Atoms of the same element that vary in their number if neutrons

Question 8

What are the 4 energy shells

Answer 8

K L M N

Question 9

K shell can hold a maximum of

Answer 9

2 electrons

Question 10

L shell can hold a maximum of

Answer 10

8 electrons

Question 11

M shell can hold a maximum of

Answer 11

18 electrons

Question 12

N shell can hold a maximum of

Answer 12

32 electrons

Question 13

Negative ion

Answer 13

When an atom GAINS electrons

Question 14

Negative ion

Answer 14

When an atom GAINS electrons

Question 15

Positive ion

Answer 15

Created when an atom LOSES electrons

Question 16

How can you calculate the number of protons in an element?

Answer 16

Number of protons is the same as the atomic number on the top of the element

Question 17

How do you calculate the number of neutrons?

Answer 17

Atomic mass - atomic number = number of neutrons

Question 18

Ionic bonds

Answer 18

Relationship between two oppositely charged ions

Question 19

when is an ionic bond formed

Answer 19

when 1 atom donates an electron from its outer shell to another atom to form 2 oppositely charged atoms

Question 20

what is exchanged between 2 or more atoms that undergo ionic bonding

Answer 20

valence electrons

Question 21

Covalent bond

Answer 21

Sharing of electrons between 2 or more atoms

Question 22

Non polar covalent bond

Answer 22

Electrons shared equally

Question 23

Polar covalent bond

Answer 23

Electrons shared unequallt

Question 24

Ion

Answer 24

Electrically charged atom

Question 25

Cation

Answer 25

Positively charged ion

Question 26

Anion

Answer 26

Negative charged ion

Question 27

What is a valence electron

Answer 27

Electrons in the outermost shell

Question 28

Ionic bonds are found in what elements

Answer 28

Form only between metals and nonmetals

Question 29

proton mass

Answer 29

protons have mass, slightly smaller than neutrons

Question 30

what bond would you see between nitrogenous bases

Answer 30

hydrogen bonds since this bond is easy to break, which is needed during the processes of replication and transcription.

Question 31

nitrogenous base

Answer 31

A molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base
- The nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C)
- they are NOT ions and NOT polar in nature

Question 32

purines

Answer 32

adenine and guanine

Question 33

pyrmidine

Answer 33

cytosine, thymine and uracil in rna

Question 34

adenine pairs w/

Answer 34

thymine
- uracil in rna

Question 35

guanine pairs with

Answer 35

cytosine

Question 36

what is the last orbital to fill

Answer 36

6s

Question 37

base

Answer 37

solution with more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions
- have a pH greater than 7

Question 38

acid

Answer 38

solution with more hydrogen ions than hydroxide
- have a pH less than 7

Question 39

what are the 4 major types of carbs

Answer 39

mono (1), di (2), oligo (few), and polysaccharides (many)

Question 40

The bonding in a water molecule is which of the following?

Answer 40

polar covalent

Question 41

cation

Answer 41

positive, formed by losing electrons

Question 42

anion

Answer 42

negative, formed by gaining electrons